The Long History of Civic Engagement

Question 1

A form of governance that extends beyond “the process of facilitating and operating in multiorganizational arrangements to solve problems that cannot be solved, or solved easily, by single organizations.”

Answer 1

Citizen-centered collaborative public management

Question 2

Severed ties with the British and Declaration of Independence. Creation of state government (Articles of Confederation and US Constitution). Voluntary associations

Answer 2

Colonial America

Question 3

Administrative arms of government around professionalism, efficiency, scientific management, and administrative management. More but limited opportunities for citizens to influence electoral process. Barriers against the influence of citizenry on the day-to-day administration of government

Answer 3

American Progressive Era

Question 4

Diverse interests became more assertive. Professionalized administration came underfire creating an uncertain environment. Alinsky’s approach (use of conflict to create change in government). Raise latent conflict to the surface and focus on the adversarial relationship between low-income people and specific leaders in government (cooperation with government undesirable). Assumed that government wouldn’t willingly relinquish power, so aggressive adversarial advocacy was believed to be necessary. Increased adoption of legislative mandates for citizen participation

Answer 4

The 60s & 70s

Question 5

Action shifted back to neighborhoods, self-help, & local government. From government to governance (no longer the sole business of government but involves the interaction of government, business, and the nonprofit organization sector). Officially recognized neighborhood council organizations emerged

Answer 5

The 1980s & 1990s

Question 6

Adversarial, electoral, information exchange, civil society, deliberative

Answer 6

5 different “approaches” to civic engagement

Question 7

Internal efficacy/citizen capacity, lacks government trust and responsiveness

Answer 7

Adversarial approach to civic engagement

Question 8

Builds efficacy, trust in government and citizen competence, builds trust in citizens, government legitimacy and government responsiveness

Answer 8

Deliberative approach to civic engagement