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Geography > The Living World > Flashcards

The Living World Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an ecosystem

A

An ecosystem is a natural system that has biotic (living) parts e.g. plants, fish and animals and abiotic (non-living) parts e.g. soil, light and climate.

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2
Q

An example of a small-scale ecosystem

A

A pond or a hedgerow

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3
Q

An example of a global-scale ecosystem

A

A tropical rainforest or a desert

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4
Q

What are global-scale ecosystems called

A

Biomes

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5
Q

What is a producer

A

A producer is an organism or plant that is able to take energy from the sun and convert it into sugars (glucose) by photosynthesis

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6
Q

What is a consumer

A

A consumer is creatures that eat producers (plants) or other consumers

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7
Q

What is a decomposer

A

A decomposer is an organism that gets its energy by breaking down dead material e.g. dead produces, dead consumers, or fallen leaves. Bacteria and fungi are decomposes.

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8
Q

What is the food chain

A

The food chain shows what eats what in an ecosystem. It shows the direct link between producers and consumers in the form of a simple line

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9
Q

What is the food web

A

Food web shows lots of food chains and how they overlap. It’s more complex than a food chain

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10
Q

What is the nutrient cycle

A

The nutrient cycle represents nutrients passing between the various living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem

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11
Q

What does leaching mean

A

Leaching is when the rain water washes the nutrients away

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12
Q

All parts of the rainforest are dependent on each other, what would happen if something changes

A

Everything would be affected

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13
Q

What are 3 plants that have adapted to be physical conditions

A

Fan palms
Buttress roots
Drip tip leaves

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14
Q

What are 2 animals that have adapted to the physical conditions

A

Lead tailed geckos
Sloths

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15
Q

What is biodiversity

A

Bio diversity is the variety of organisms living in a particular area - both plants and animals

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16
Q

What are the 5 major causes for deforestation

A

Subsistence farming
Commercial farming
Logging
Mineral extraction (mining)
Population growth

17
Q

Mines create jobs, how many people have they employed

A

3000

18
Q

How many tonnes of carbon can the Amazon store

A

100 billion tonnes

19
Q

How many people live in the Amazon rainforest

A

20 million

20
Q

The Amazon rainforest is an important part of the water cycle, what 3 things do they do

A

Intercept rainfall
Store water
Return water to the atmosphere through transpiration

21
Q

How have roots adapted to hot deserts

A

Many roots will be very long and deep access groundwater or may spread out wide to catch as much water as possible when it rains

22
Q

How have leaves adapted to hot deserts

A

Leaves are often very small or seasonal (only growing during the rainy season)

23
Q

How have spines healed plants in hot deserts

A

Spines also helps some limit water loss and also protect the plant from being eaten by animals

24
Q

How can short life cycles help plants in hot deserts

A

Short life cycles mean that some pants are able to grow, flower and release seeds in just a few weeks

25
Q

How have nocturnal mammals adapted in hot deserts

A

Nocturnal animals will come out at night in cooler temperatures also allowing them to save energy

26
Q

How do reptiles survive in the hot deserts

A

Retain moisture, have waterproof skin and produce only tiny amounts of urine

27
Q

Do hot deserts have a high biodiversity or a low biodiversity

A

Low biodiversity

28
Q

What are four development opportunities in hot desert

A

Mineral extraction
Energy
Farming
Tourism

29
Q

What are 3 challenges of developing hot deserts

A

Extreme temperatures
Water supply
Inaccessibility

30
Q

What are the 3 causes of desertification

A

Climate change
Population growth
Overgrazing

31
Q

What is desertification

A

Desertification is the degree of land overtime so that land becomes drier and less productive and ultimately turns to desert

32
Q

What are 3 strategies to reduce the risk of desertification

A

Tree planting
Water and soil management
Appropriate technology

Geography (4 decks)

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