Phyical Landscapes In The Uk Flashcards
What is relief
Relief refers to the way the landscape changes in height
What causes waves
When wind blows across the sea, friction between the wind and water surface causes waves
What are the two difference types of waves
Constructive and destructive
What does a destructive wave look like and do
Destructive waves erode the most
They are high
The backwash is stronger than the swash
What does a constructive wave look like and do
Constructive waves build beaches
They are low
The waves swash is stronger than the backwash
What are the 3 weathering processes
Mechanical
Chemical
Biological
What is mechanical weathering
Mechanical weathering is also known as physical weathering. This involves the disintegration of rock without any chemical changes
What is chemical weathering
Chemical weathering is when rocks dissolved due to the chemical change that happened between the rock and the rain, this only happens to limestone and chalk
What is biological weathering
Biological weathering involves the action of of plants and animals. Plant roots are effective at growing and expanding in the cracks of the rock
What is mass movement
Mass movement in the downhill movement of material under the influence of gravity
What are the 4 processes of coastal erosion
Hydraulic action
Abrasion
Attrition
Solution
What are the 4 main processes of coastal transportation
Traction
Saltation
Suspension
Solution
What is hydraulic action
Water is launched at the rock and forced into the cracks, eroding the rock away with the water
What is abrasion
When the wave pick up loose stones and rock and hurl them against the rock
What is attrition
This is when the sediment becomes rounder and smoother as they collide with each other in the water
What is solution (erosion)
This is when sediment is dissolved by the sea water
What is traction
This is when large pebbles are rolled along the sea bed
What is saltation
When small particles bounce or hop along the sea bed
What is suspension
Where lighter particles are carried within the water
What is solution (transportation)
Where dissolved chemicals are transported in the water
What type of wind is needed for long shore drift to happen
Prevailing wind
What is the coastline called when the layers of soft and hard rock (strata) are parallel to the coastline (=)
Concordant
What is the last line called when the layers or hard rock and soft rock (strata) are perpendicular to the coastline ( ll )
Discordant
What are the 3 hard engineering strategies
Groynes
Sea walls
Rock armour
