Natural Hazards Flashcards
What is a natural hazard
A natural hazard is a natural event that threatens people or has the potential to cause damage, destruction or death
What is a hazard risk
A hazard risk is the vulnerability of an area to a hazard
3 types of natural hazards
Atmospheric
Geological
Water based
Factors affecting hazard risk
Magnitude
Location
Time
Wealth
Education
Frequency
Population density
Natural factors
What is a plate
A section of the earths crust
What is a plate margin
The boundary where two plates meet
What are convection currents
Circular currents of heat in the mantle
What are the two types of crusts
oceanic crust and continental crust
Oceanic crust is…
Newer
Thinner
Denser
Can sink into the mantle
Can be renewed and destroyed
Continental crust is…
Older
Thicker
Less dense
Cannot sink into the mantle
Cannot be renewed or destroyed
What are the 4 types of plate margins
Constructive
Conservative
Destructive subduction
Destructive collision
What are the effects and responses to a tectonic hazard
Primary effect
Secondary effect
Immediate response
Long-term response
What is mitigation
The action of reducing the severity, seriousness, or painfulness of something
What are circulation cells
Air blowing from high pressure to low pressure
What are the names of the circulation cells
Hadley cell
Ferrel cell
Polar cell
How warm does the ocean have to be for a tropical storm to form
27°C
How are tropical storms formed
- The air rises rapidly due to intense heat
- As the air rapidly rises it condenses releasing heat which powers the storm and draws up ore water form the ocean
- Air rushes from high-pressure areas outside of the storm to low pressure areas in the centre of the storm creating winds
- The storm starts to rotate due to the coriolis effect and the storm develops an eye at its centre.
- It starts to move towards land as it gathers strength from evaporating water on the oceans surface but when it hits land it eventually dies out due to the friction with the land.
What are 3 long term evidence for climate change
Tree rings
Pollen analysis
Ice cores
What are 3 recent evidence for climate change
Global temperature
Sea level change
Ice sheets and glaciers
3 human causes of climate change
Use of fossil fuels
Agriculture
Deforestation
What are 3 ways we can manage climate change change
Alternative energy production
Carbon capture
Planting trees
what hazards can you find at a constructive plate margin
Volcanic eruptions and earthquakes
what hazards can you find at a destructive subduction plate margin
Volcanic eruptions, earthquakes and tsunamis
what hazards can you find at a destructive collision plate margin
Earthquakes
