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203A exam 2 sept 20th > the liver > Flashcards

the liver Flashcards

1
Q

what does bilirubin metabolism do?

A

bile synthesis and secretion

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2
Q

fat and protein in the liver produce what?

A

albumin and deamination (ammonia conversion)

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3
Q

how is CHOs metabolized in the liver?

A

glycogenesis (glucose is changed into glycogen and stored in the liver)

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4
Q

what is the hematological role of the liver

A

making clotting factors I, II, VI, IX, X and making prothrombin

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5
Q

what is the endocrine role of the liver?

A

glucagon stimulates glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, and lipolysis, GF1

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6
Q

what are the three ways the liver detoxifies the blood from meds?

A
  1. biotransformation
  2. first pass
  3. drug metabolism
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7
Q

what can happen if there is a hepatocyte injury?

A

disrupts detoxification, which lead to an accumulation of drugs causing toxicity in the patient

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8
Q

what does the liver store?

A

A, D, B-12, irron ferritin, copper

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9
Q

what is one of the things the liver that is part of the RAAS system?

A

angiotensinogen

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10
Q

does the liver have a immunological role?

A

yes

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11
Q

what are some risk factors for liver disease that are common in americans?

A
  1. alcohol abuse
  2. some meds (i.e. tylenol)
  3. gastric bypass surgery
    4 HBV or HCV (chronic)
  4. elevated cholesterol, triglycerides
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12
Q

what are some other risk factors?

A
  1. iron overload
  2. malnutrition
  3. obesity, metabolic syndrome
  4. toxin or chemical exposure
  5. rapid wt loss
  6. wilson disease –pt unable to excrete copper causing toxic levels in the body
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13
Q

what classic sxs of liver disease?

A
  1. anorexia
  2. ascities
  3. dark urine
  4. hepatomegaly (lg liver)
  5. hyperbilirubinemia
  6. jaundice (bc of increase bilirubin
  7. RUQ tenderness
  8. splegomegaly (lg spleen)
  9. steatorrha (liver isn’t breaking down fat)
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14
Q

how is liver disease treated?

A
  1. control the symptoms
  2. give pt supportive care
  3. let the pt rest
  4. give small, high calorie, high protein meals
  5. avoid ETOH
  6. medication specific cause not trying to cure disease
  7. surveillance for infection, bleeding, metabolic parameters and nutrition
  8. consider liver transplantation
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15
Q

diagnostic test for liver disease

A
  1. UGI endoscopy
  2. ultrasound
  3. MRI/CT scan
  4. Angiographic studies
  5. radioisotope live scan
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16
Q

what is considered the “gold standard” to diagnose a liver disorder?

A

Liver biopsy

17
Q

what labs are we looking at ?

A
  1. clotting studies (pt, ptt)

2. CBC, CMP

18
Q

what liver function test are we looking at?

A
  1. ALT
  2. AST
  3. bilirubin levels
  4. ammonia
  5. albumin
  6. ALP
  7. GGT
    * they will all be elevated*

203A exam 2 sept 20th (11 decks)

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