The Limbic System Flashcards
All of the following statements about this thalamic nucleus are true EXCEPT:
A. It is part of the limbic system.
B. It projects to cingulate cortex.
C. It receives input from the hypothalamus.
D. It projects to motor and premotor cortex.
E. It is a specific relay nucleus.
It projects to motor and premotor cortex.
The hippocampus receives direct input from:
A. Parahippocampal cortex.
B. Cingulate cortex.
C. Amygdala.
D. Septalnuclei and hypothalamus.
E. All of the above.
All of the above
The output of the amygdala (arrow) is to
A. Septal nuclei and hypothalamus.
B. Dorsomedial thalamus.
C. Orbitofrontal cortex.
D. Ventral striatum.
E. All of the above
All of the above
While picnicing in the meadow the wind suddenly delivers the foul odor of a rotting smell. You vomit. Think of the circuitry involved in executing the motor act. Which does it NOT include?
A. Activity in the solitary tract.
B. Activity in the cortical amygdala.
C. Activity in the stria terminalis.
D. Hypothalamic integration of limbic input.
E. Activation of reticulospinal tracts.
Activity in the solitary tract.
The solitary tract consists of primary sensory axons subserving taste and visceral sensation. Only after the act of vomiting would this pathway be active. While a lot of what we think of as taste is smell, the stimulus in this case is olfactory and involves the other structures listed.
Fibers in this structure terminate in:
A. Septal nuclei.
B. Anterior nucleus of the thalamus.
C. Mammillary bodies.
D. All of the above.
All of the above.
Which is true regarding the yellow area.
A. Receives input from all areas of cortex.
B. Projects to the temporal lobe (inferior temporal, entorhinal).
C. Axons form an efferent bundle called the cingulum.
D. Receives input from the anterior nucleus of the thalamus.
E. All.
All
This nucleus of the thalamus has important projections to the frontal lobe. Input to this nucleus is from:
A. The ventral globus pallidus (ventral pallidum).
B. Amygdala.
C. Prefrontal lobe.
D. All.
E. None.
All.
The ‘‘fila’‘of the olfactory system are:
A. Cilia covered by mucus where substances are dissolved.
B. Rows of receptor epithelia on the nasal conchae.
C. Bundles of small axons that pass through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone.
D. Second order sensory neurons coming from the olfactory bulb.
Bundles of small axons that pass through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone
This region receives input from:
A. Corticomedial amygdala.
B. Hypothalamus and septal nuclei.
C. Orbital cortex.
D. Anterior temporal cortex.
E. All of the above.
All of the above
Axons in this structure are
A. Primary sensory axons.
B. Secondary sensory axons.
C. Tertiary sensory axons.
D. None of the above because its a central tract.
E. A & B.
Secondary sensory axons
Myelinated axons in the core of the olfactory tract are secondary sensory axons leaving pyramidal (mitral) cells and traveling to the olfactory cortex.
With respect to the inferior horn of the ventricle, The amygdala (arrow) is: _____?
A. Medial or rostral.
B. Lateral.
C. Posterior or caudal.
Medial or rostral
A major source of afferents to the amygdala is the
A. Hypothalamus.
B. Olfactory tract.
C. Multisensory association cortex in temporal lobe.
D. All of the above.
All of the above
What is the relationship of the hippocampus to this region of the lateral ventricle?
A. Its in the floor of the ventricle.
B. Its in the roof of the ventricle.
C. It is rostral to the ventricle.
D. It has no relationship to the ventricle.
Its in the floor of the ventricle
The major structural difference between the somatosensory and olfactory systems is
A. The olfactory system has no primary sensory cortex.
B. The olfactory system has no association sensory cortex.
C. The olfactory system does not relay in the thalamus.
D. The olfactory system has no primary sensory neurons.
The olfactory system does not relay in the thalamus.
What structure on the ventral surface of the brain is the best indicator of the position of the amygdala?
A. The parahippocampal gyrus.
B. The internal carotid artery.
C. The posterior cerebral artery.
D. The uncus.
The uncus
What is the major thalamic source of afferents to this gyrus?
A. Dorsomedial nucleus.
B. Intralaminar nuclei.
C. Ventral posterior medial and lateral thalamic nuclei.
D. Anterior thalamic nuclei.
E. Ventral anterior and ventral lateral nuclei.
Anterior thalamic nuclei
Axons of hippocampal pyramidal cells travel in the
A. Ventral (amygdalofugal) pathway.
B. Stria terminalis.
C. Fornix.
D. Cingulum.
Fornix
The thickened portion of the septum pellucidum represents
A. The fornix.
B. The septal nuclei.
C. Both.
D. Neither.
The septal nuclei
Olfactory receptors are located in
A. Cribriform plate.
B. Olfactory bulb.
C. Nasal mucosa.
D. Nasal submucosa.
Nasal mucosa.
Nasal mucosa in the dorsal part of the nasal cavity is specialized for chemoreception and contains numerous olfactory receptors which are bipolar neurons.
One of the reasons we know tht the olfactory tract is part of the CNS is because
A. It has axons, Schwann cells and connective tissue.
B. It is part of the central nervous system in terms of embryological origin.
C. It is part of the peripheral nervous system in terms of its embryological origin.
D. It will regenerate.
It is part of the central nervous system in terms of embryological origin.
Axons that connect the visual association cortex of the two hemispheres are most likely to be in
A. Rostrum of corpus callosum.
B. Body of corpus callosum.
C. Splenium of corpus callosum.
D. All parts of the corpus callosum
Splenium of corpus callosum.
