the leg (lower limb 4) Flashcards
Define acute osteomyelitis
inflammation of the bone caused by inflammation
which is the commonest long bone to be fractures
Tibia - shaft is subcutaneous and unprotected anteromedially and is slender in lower 3rd
define compound injury
bone through skin
what is the interosseous membrane
form of fibrous joint which unites the tibia and fibula
separates the muscles of the anterior and posterior compartment of the leg
functions of foramina in interosseous membrane
top - anterior tibial vessel through to front leg
lower - anterior peroneal vessels can pass through
4 muscle of anterior compartment
Tibialis anterior
extensor digitorum longus
extensor hallucis longs
Fibularis tertius
function of retinculum
to confine tendons to a certain line of pull
attachments of superior peroneal retinaculum
a - lateral malleolus –> lateral line of calcaneus
attachments of inferior peroneal retinaculum
anterior part of superior surface of calcaneus –> continuous with stem of inferior extensor retinaculum
inferior extensor retinaculum attachments (Y Shaped)
lateral - upper surface of calcaneus (stem)
Medial - upper band = medial mallows, lower band = deep fascia of sole
Tibialis anterior (O, I, A, In)
O- lateral condyle, superior 2/3 of anterolateral surface of tibia, interosseous margin
I - medial and plantar surfaces of medial coniform, base 1st metatarsal
A - Dorsiflexes at ankle , inverts foot
In - Deep peroneal nerve - L4,5,S1
Where do extrinsic extensors of toes have origins and insertions
Origin = leg Insertion = foot
What are the extrinsic extensors of the toe
extensor hallucis longus
extensor digitorum longus
Extensor Hallucis Longus - O,I,A,In
O - middle anterior surface of fibula, and interosseous membrane
I - distal phalanx 1 (big toe)
A- extend big toe, dorsiflex foot at ankle and invert foot
In - deep peroneal - L4-S1
Extensor Digitorium Longus
O - lateral condyle tibia, superior 3/4 anterior surface of fibula, interosseous margin
I - middle and diesel phalanx 2-5
A - extend toes 2-5 and dorsiflex foot
In - deep peroneal L4-S1
Fibularis (preens) tertius (O, I, A, In)
O - distal 1/3 anterior fibula, interosseous membrane
I - dorsal surface base 5th metatarsal
A - dorsiflex and EVERT foot
In - deep peroneal nerve L4-S1
Where is fibulas terries in relation to hallucis longus
deep and lateral
NOT PRESENT IN ALL PEOPLE
what does the anterior tibial artery arise from
popliteal artery
what is the deep fibular nerve a branch of and what does it innervate
common fibular nerve
anterior compartment
Fibularis Longus O, I,A,In
O - head and proximal 1/2-2/3 lateral side of fibula
I - crosses plantar surface of foot to attach to lateral side of medial (1st) cuniform and 1st metatarsal
A- Plantar Flexes and Everts foot at ankle
In - Superficial Fibular Nerve L4,5,S1
Fibularis Brevis O,I,A,In
O - distal 1/3 - 1/2 lateral side of fibula
I-Tuberosity of lateral side of 5th metatarsal
A- Plantar Flexes and Everts foot at ankle
In - Superficial Fibular Nerve L4,5,S1
why is the common fibular nerve vulnerable to injury
courses round the neck of the fibula
consequences of injuring common fibular nerve
foot drop - inability to dorsiflex
loss of sensation over dorsal of foot and lateral side of the leg
What nerve supplies the sensation to medial side of leg
saphenous and femoral
