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ANATOMY LOWER LIMB > The Leg > Flashcards

The Leg Flashcards

1
Q

What 2 bones make up the leg?

A
  1. fibula (lateral side)
  2. tibia (medial side)
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2
Q

How many tarsal bones are there?

A

7

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3
Q

What are the 7 tarsal bones?

A
  1. talus
  2. calcaneus
  3. cuboid
  4. navicular
  5. cuneiform #1
  6. cuneiform #2
  7. cuneiform #3
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4
Q

What tarsal makes up the heel?

A

calcaneus

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5
Q

What are the 3 compartments of the leg?

A
  1. anterior
  2. lateral
  3. posterior
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6
Q

General observation of ANTERIOR compartment of the leg

A
  • contains extensors (dorsi flexors)
  • draw the toes upwards
  • innervated by the deep peroneal nerve
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7
Q

General observation of LATERAL compartment of the leg

A
  • contains 2 peronei
  • elevators (turn the sole out)
  • originate on fibula
  • insert on the foot
  • innervated by the superficial peroneal nerve
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8
Q

General observation of POSTERIOR compartment of the leg

A
  • contains flexors or plantar flexors
  • insert on heel and sole of foot
  • innervated by tibial nerve
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9
Q

What 5 muscles make up the ANTERIOR compartment of the leg?

A
  1. tibialis anterior
  2. extensor hallucis longus
  3. extensor digitorum longus
  4. extensor digitorum brevis
  5. peroneus tertius
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10
Q

Tibialis anterior (O.I.A.I)

A

origin: upper 2/3 of tibia

insertion: cuneiform #1 and base of metacarpal #1

action: dorsi flexor and inverter

innervation: deep peroneal nerve

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11
Q

Extensor hallucis longus (O.I.A.I)

A

origin: fibula

insertion: base of the distal phalanx

action: extensor of big toe

innervation: deep peroneal nerve

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12
Q

Extensor digitorum longus (O.I.A.I)

A

origin: fibula

insertion: extensor expansion of the 4 digits

action: extends digits

innervation: deep peroneal nerve

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13
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis (O.I.A.I)

A

origin: upper calcaneus near cuboid

insertion: medial tendon insert on proximal phalax of big toes, other 3 insert on their extensor expansions

action: extensor of the 4 toes

innervation: deep peroneal nerve

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14
Q

Peroneus tertius (O.I.A.I)

A

origin: branch of extensor digitorum longus

insertion: base of metacarpal #5

action: everts and dorsi flexor

innervation: deep peroneal nerve

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15
Q

What 2 muscles make up the LATERAL compartment of the leg?

A
  1. peroneus longus
  2. peroneus brevis
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16
Q

Peroneus longus (O.I.A.I)

A

origin: head of fibula

insertion: medial side of metacarpal #1 and cuneiform #1

action: plantar flexes and everts

innervation: superficial peroneal nerve

17
Q

Peroneus brevis (O.I.A.I)

A

origin: distal 2/3 of fibula

insertion: base of metacarpal #5

action: plantar flexes and everts

innervation: superficial peroneal nerve

18
Q

What are the 2 subgroups that make up the POSTERIOR compartment of the leg?

A
  1. superficial group
  2. deep group
19
Q

What 3 muscles make up the SUPERFICIAL POSTERIOR compartment?

A
  1. gastrocnemius
  2. soleus
  3. plantaris
20
Q

Gastrocnemius (O.I.A.I)

A

origin: femoral condyles

insertion: calcaneus

action: flexes the knee and plantar flexion

innervation: tibial nerve

21
Q

Soleus (O.I.A.I)

A

origin: head of fibula

insertion: tendocalcaneus

action: strong flexor

innervation: tibial nerve

22
Q

Plantaris (O.I.A.I)

A

origin: lateral femoral condyle

insertion: achilles tendon

action: N/A

innervation: tibial nerve

23
Q

What are the 4 muscles that make up the DEEP POSTERIOR compartment?

A
  1. popliteus
  2. tibialis posterior
  3. flexor hallucis longus
  4. flexor digitorum longus
24
Q

Popliteus (O.I.A.I)

A

origin: behind proximal tibia

insertion: lateral femoral condyle

action: laterally rotates femur

innervation: tibial nerve

25
Q

Tibialis posterior (O.I.A.I)

A

origin: back of interosseous membrane

insertion: navicular and cuniefiorms

action: plantar flexion and invertor

innervation: tibial nerve

26
Q

Flexor hallucis longus (O.I.A.I)

A

origin: 2/3 of fibula

insertion: base of distal phalanx

action: flexes big toe and ankle

innervation: tibial nerve

27
Q

Flexor digitorum longus (O.I.A.I)

A

origin: N/A

insertion: distal phalanges of the lateral 4 toes

action: flexes the toes

innervation: tibial nerve

28
Q

Tom, Dick ANd Harry

A

Tom - Tibialis posterior

Dick - flexor Digitorum longus

ANd - Artery, Nerve

Harry - flexor Hallucis longus

ANATOMY LOWER LIMB (5 decks)

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