The Learning Approach: Behavourism and The Learning Approach Flashcards
Classical conditioning
Learning by association. Occurring when 2 stimuli are repeatedly paired with together with a UCS and an NS. The NS with time becomes the CR.
Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS)
This brings a natural response without the organism having gone through any learning.
What psychologist is associated with behaviourism ? (see what I did there)
Pavlov and a his dogs.
Neutral Stimulus (NS)
Something that catches your attention but doesn’t cause a response.
Conditioned Stimulus (CS)
Previously the neutral stimulus, after assiociation it becomes a conditioned response.
Unconditioned Response (UCR)
What you do naturally with no conditioning.
Conditioned Response (CR)
A learned reflex or response to a conditioned stimulus.
Stimulus Generalisation
When you react to a new stimulus based on a previously encountered stimulus due to the similiarly to and history that’s been reinforced.
Stimulus Discrimination
When you’ve learned to only respond to the original stimulus and no others.
Operant Conditioning
A way of learning which is based on the consequences of behaviour, from positive and negative rein-enforcement, along with punishment.
Reinforcement
The outcome of a behaviour that increases the likelihood of it being repeated.
The Learning Approach: Social Learning Theory
A way of explaining behaviour, including indirect and direct rein-forcement. Combined with the influence of cognitive factors.
Imitation
Copying the behaviours of others.
Identification
Where an observer associates themselves with the role model and would like to be like them.
Modelling
An observer imitating the behaviour of a role model.
