The Biological Approach and Biopsychology

Question 1

Biological Approach

Answer 1

Emphasising the importance of physical processes in the body like genetic inheritance and neural function.

Question 2

Genes

Answer 2

Made up of chromosomes, consisting of DNA which codes the physical and psychological features. Being transmitted from the parents to the offspring.

Question 3

Biological Structure

Answer 3

The jigsaw puzzle of parts which form an organ, system or living thing.

Question 4

Neurochemistry

Answer 4

Chemicals in the brain that regulate psychological functions.

Question 5

Genotype

Answer 5

The particular set of genes that a person has.

Question 6

Phenotype

Answer 6

How these genes are expressed, having been influenced by the genes (nature) and the environment (nurture).

Question 7

Evolution

Answer 7

The changes in inherited characteristics in a population over extended amounts of time.

Question 8

Nervous System

Answer 8

Made up of the Central Nervous System and the Peripheral Nervous System.

Question 9

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Answer 9

Sending information between the CNS and the brain. Along with transmitting information to the muscles and glands to create action.

Question 10

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Answer 10

Consisting of the brain (2% of body weight) and spinal cord, being an organ of complex demands and decisions.

Question 11

Somatic Nervous System

Answer 11

Transmitting information from the receptor cells in the sense organs to the CNS. Plus receiving information from the CNS that gives muscles instructions.

Question 12

Automatic Nervous System

Answer 12

Consisting of the Parasympathetic and Sympathetic Nervous System. Transmitting information too and from bodily organs.

Question 13

Sensory Neuron

Answer 13

Carrying info from the PNS to the CNS. They have long dendrites and short axons.

Question 14

Relay Neuron

Answer 14

As it says on the tin, connecting sensory neurons to the motor and other relay or interneurons.

Question 15

Motor Neuron

Answer 15

These connect the CNS to muscles and glands, having short dendrites and long axons.

Question 16

Endocrine System

Answer 16

Instructs glands to release hormones directly into the bloodstream. These hormones are carried towards organs in the body.

Question 17

Gland

Answer 17

An organ which synthesises substances like hormones, including: the pituatary gland, adrenal gland, testes and the ovaries.

Question 18

The adrenal glands sit______________. The adrenal cortex produces_________ whereas the adrenal medula produces________.

Answer 18

On top of the kidneys. Cortisol. Adrenaline.

Question 19

The ovaries produce___________ (spell it)

Answer 19

Oestrogen and Progesterone.

Question 20

Adrenaline

Answer 20

Produced by the adrenal medulla. Has a large effect on the cardiovasular system.

Question 21

Synaptic Transmission

Answer 21

How neighbouring neurons communciate with each other by sending chemical messages across the synaptic gap.

Question 22

Excitation

Answer 22

When a neurotransmittors like adrenaline, increases the positve charge of postsypnatic transmittion. Increasing the likeilhood that the neuron will fire passing on the impulse.

Question 23

Inbitiory

Answer 23

Serotonin increases the negative charge of the postsypnatic neuron. Decreasing the likelihood taht the neuron will fire and pass on the impulse.

Question 24

The fight or flight response

Answer 24

The amydala is stimulated along with Short Term SAM and HPA Hazard to protect the body.