The League Of Nations

Question 1

What was the LoNs main goal

Answer 1

To maintain world peace and not have another war

Question 2

What were some other goals the LoN had

Answer 2

Improved working conditions for all

Improving humanitarian conditions (slavery and deadly diseases)

Question 3

Where was the LoNs headquarters

Answer 3

Geneva, Sweden

Question 4

What countries WERENT in the LoN

Answer 4

Germany
USSR
And the USA didn’t want to be

Question 5

What were the LoNs main actions

Answer 5

Moral condemnation
Economic sanctions
Meeting and negotiation

Question 6

What were the risks of the USA and Germany not jointing the LoN

Answer 6

USA not wanting to join made the LoN look insignificant

Germany not being allowed to join only raised tensions

Question 7

How often did the assembly meet

Answer 7

Once a year

Question 8

What was the main condition for laws to be passed in LoN

Answer 8

The vote had to be unanimous

Question 9

What were some issues with the structure of the assembly

Answer 9

It was very difficult to get all 40+ countries together

If only one country disagreed, a decision couldn’t be passed, meaning very few decisions were made

Question 10

What were the sections of the LoN

Answer 10

The assembly 
The council 
Special commissions
Permanent court of international justice 
The secretariat

Question 11

Why was the council established

Answer 11

Because the council only met once a year, it was established to make decisions in the mean time

Question 12

What made up the council

Answer 12

Representative members of the four main countries in the LoN
Britain
France
Japan
Italy
Though later nine countries joined the council

Question 13

What were some issues with the council

Answer 13

There were only a select amount of members so not a variety of opinions and many council members decisions reflected in their personal opinions and countries state

Question 14

What was more powerful: the assembly or the council

Answer 14

The council bc it met more frequently and could pass laws even if the assembly had decided unanimously on them

Question 15

What did the special commissions focus on

Answer 15

Humanitarian issues and how to fix them and improve living standards, they also encouraged disarmament
Examples: diseases, slavery etc

Question 16

What are some example of the sections of special commissions

Answer 16

The health commission 
The slavery commission 
The international labour organisation 
The commission for refugees
There were also commissions to help stop the spread of drugs, increase in poverty

Question 17

We’re the special commissions considered a success

Answer 17

Yes, they had many successes and even described poverty in the world

Question 18

What was the purpose of the international court of justice

Answer 18

To settles disputes worldwide, a select council was elected for 11 years and any country could come to them to settle issues

Question 19

What was the international court of justices actions

Answer 19

There’s were 11 judges and 4 deputy judges, they would listen and evaluate cases on an international scale, but their word was not law, a country could simply ignore it

Question 20

What was the secretariat

Answer 20

A service in charge of administration and service in the league, organising everything the league out into action except military affairs

Question 21

What section of the LoN is one of the it’s biggest successes

Answer 21

The special commissions sections

Question 22

How was each commission successful

Answer 22

Refugees committee - helped refugees return to their country once the war was over and stay in camps while it was ongoing
The health commission- helped cure malaria, and spread education on hygiene
The slavery commission- in Sierra Leone, 200,000 slaves were set free
The labour organisation- set a minimum wage in 77 new countries and promoted better working conditions

Question 23

What was the Locarno treaty

Answer 23

A treaty signed in 1925 by Germany, Czechoslovakia, Britain, Italy and Belgium
It protected the borders of their neighbours and made them promise to negotiate instead of going to war
It was the first treaty Germany had signed outside of diktat , promoting good international relations

Question 24

What was the Kellogg Brian’s pact

Answer 24

A pact in 1928, signed by 65 countries agreeing to keep peace and not invade each other, it was also signed by Germany and those who didn’t sign faced economic sanctions

Question 25

What was a failure of the labour organisation

Answer 25

They made a push for child labour (under 14) to be banned but many countries disagreed as they thought paying adults would be too expensive
There was also a push for an eight hour working day but many countries also didn’t like this idea as they would have to employ more workers and so it would cost them more

Question 26

What was the failure of the drug trade

Answer 26

Only four companies actually got penalised for opium distribution and despite a conference in 1925, there was limited success

Question 27

What was another name for the polish corridor and why was it important

Answer 27

Upper Silesia

Both Poland and Germany wanted the polish corridor

Question 28

What were the actions of the LoN involving the polish corridor

Answer 28

The held a plebiscite in Upper Silesia, made sure to be fair by LoN troops and 60% said that they wanted to be part of Germany, angering the polish upper Silesians

Question 29

What was the outcome of the polish corridor

Answer 29

Germany got rural Silesia
Poland got industrial Silesia
Industrial Silesia was rich in resources, so both wanted it
Neither turned out to be happy in the end, the polish lost a lot of people to the rural German owned parts and Germany lost a lot of coal mines
The countries made an agreement (German polish accord, 15th may 1922) but tensions still continued to rise

Question 30

What happened in corfu in 1923 and how was it a failure of the LoN

Answer 30

In 1923 a man named tellini was killed by Greeks, after being sent in by the LoN , and in retaliation, Mussolini invaded Greece and killed 15 people after they refused compensation
The Greeks complained to the LoN but Mussolini not only overruled their complaints, he got the LoN to make them pay compensation for tellinis death
Showing other leaders that the LoN wasn’t that strong

Question 31

What was the Washington arms conference in 1921-1922

Answer 31

Britain, Japan, France, the USA and more met to discuss naval sizes and military power agreeing that the USA and Britain would have the same sized naval fleet and for every 5 tonnes of ship the had, Japan would have 3 tonnes
However the conference didn’t involve the LoN and showed them to they again be weak and insignificant, undermining them

Question 32

When was the the wall street crash

Answer 32

1929

Question 33

What started the Great Depression

Answer 33

The Wall Street crash, the New York stock exchange crashed and plunged America into a depression, particularly the banks
In order to try and fix their situation the us banks, who had loaned great amounts of money after ww1 demanded it back, plunging the rest of the world into an economic depression

Question 34

What was the impact of the Great Depression on the LoN

Answer 34

Because so many countries were busy dealing with an economic depression, they had less time to focus on the LoN and when they were, they were alot more biased towards their own county and priorities
Furthermore, with the governments in disarray, many people from different countries turned to more extremist party’s and politics or ideals, eg communism and racism who had promised them an end to the suffering
From this came a rise in dictatorship therefore destroying then democracy of the LoN

Question 35

Why did Japan want to invade Manchuria

Answer 35

Japan already had business in Manchuria in the form of a railway which made them think it would be easy to invade (this was on the China/Japan border).
The Japanese thought this would be easy as China’s government was weak and divided

Question 36

When did the Manchuria crisis occur

Answer 36

1931

Question 37

How did the Japanese invade china

Answer 37

On the 18th September 1931, the Japanese blew up their railway in china, blaming it on the Chinese, using it as an excuse to invade them as retaliation

Question 38

What was the League of Nations response to the Manchurian crisis

Answer 38

Not much, they felt that since the Japanese already had industry and land in china, it was theirs to take
Japan was also one of the big four so there was very little they could do to stop them, most countries were also more absorbed with their own issues

Question 39

What were the LoNs actions towards the Manchuria crisis

Answer 39

They sent lord lytton in to examine what had happened, he stayed for a year and came back with a report, deeming them at fault, however by then, Japan already had full control of china
They tried to incite moral condemnation however Japan did care so it didn’t work, they also couldn’t put harsh economic sanctions on Japan as they trade with the us who weren’t members

Question 40

What was the impact of the Manchuria crisis on the league

Answer 40

Horrible, it made them look weak, divided and sent another message to dictators (eg Mussolini and hitler) that the league would do very little in retaliation to actions

Question 41

When was the invasion of Abyssinia

Answer 41

1935

Question 42

Who was the main perpetrator of the Abyssinian crisis

Answer 42

Mussolini

Question 43

What occurred at the Abyssinian crisis

Answer 43

Mussolini wanted a section of land, Abyssinia for a long time yet previously when he had tried to invade it he had failed, leaving him without Abyssinia and also embarrassed, yet in 1935 he wanted to reclaim the Roman Empire, making invading Abyssinia his first step.
He set about his plans and the ruler of Abyssinia, turned to the LoN and warned them, also asking for help, they disagreed, turning him away, they were also helpless against Mussolini and believed he would do such a th8ng
Mussolini BRUTALLY in