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History Conflict And Tension > Lead Up To Ww2 > Flashcards

Lead Up To Ww2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What were hitlers aims

A

He wanted to abolish the ToV and all its terms
He wanted rearmament (increase military strength and create jobs)
To unite all German speaking people
To unite with Austria (Anschluss)
To fight communism
Lebensraum

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2
Q

What was the USSRs reaction to butler

A

Stalin was communist which went against many of hitlers beliefs
However he wanted to keep the allies at a distance due to opposing political views
He started to do operate with the allies in 1934 though after jointing the LoN

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3
Q

What was the USAs reaction to hitler

A

They stuck to their policy of isolationism
Many political leader spoke publicly about their dislike for hitler but the American public didn’t want to get involved in European issues

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4
Q

What was Britain’s early reaction to hitler

A

Didn’t oppose him early on as they didn’t want another war
They also didn’t mind him trying to unite all of the previously German countries as they thought it was a reasonable request

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5
Q

Ho was the British prime minister after David Lloyd George

A

Neville chamberlain

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6
Q

When did chamberlain fly out to negotiate with Germany

A

1938

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7
Q

Why did Neville chamberlain have to fly out to Germany in 1938

A

Hitler had been reclaiming and invading German speaking countries/ the Rhineland which was directly against the treaty of Versailles

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8
Q

What is the significance of Sudetenland

A

Sudetenland was a place in Czechoslovakia which hitler wanted to invade
He had previously invade other places Germany had previously owned but people weren’t too fussed about that, however the Sudetenland was a more significant piece of land
Neville chamberlain flew out to discuss it with hitler and thus the policy of appeasement was created

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9
Q

What was the policy of appeasement

A

Chamberlain agreed to let hitler have the Sudetenland if he agreed to no longer invade any other countries,
Hitler signed it and chamberlain therefore thought that they had achieved ‘peace in our time’

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10
Q

Did hitler abide by the policy of appeasement

A

No he later attempted to invade other countries, in particular, Poland which began ww2

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11
Q

What’s one possible reason why hitler was able to push the allies so far

A

Because the horrors of ww1 were still fresh in peoples minds and they would do anything possible to avoid a second one

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12
Q

What were some arguments FOR appeasing hitler

A

Rearmament- many had seen the rising military strength in Germany and didn’t want another war they also wanted to limit the rising rearmament in Germany
Equality- many believed that since everywhere else was armed Germany should be too
Fear of another world war
There was a global lack of money and fighting hitler would be expensive
Many underestimated hitler, thinking he would back down after or stop
Many people thought he had a right to German speaking countries anyway (or previously German land)
They wanted to keep hitler as a strong fascist force against the communist ussr

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13
Q

What were the arguments against appeasement

A

Hitler hated the allies and LoN so why would he respect their deal
Naivety- many also believed that not standing up to hitler made the LoN look weak
People thought that hitler should have got away with breaking the terms of the ToV
Other non LoN leaders saw this as the league letting hitler do what he pleased and followed suit

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14
Q

When did Germany LEAVE the League of Nations

A

In 1933

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15
Q

Why did hitler leave the LoN

A

Because other countries wouldn’t disarm their military like Germany had been forced to
He argued that he would be armed if other countries were

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16
Q

When and what was the dollfuss affair

A 
In 1934 (same year as the peace ballot) the Austrian chancellor, dollfuss, knew hitler wanted to invade Austria so he publicly banned the nazi party in Austria
In response hitler persuaded the Austrians to revolt and they did, killing the Austrian chancellor 
Before he could invade, Italy did move to protect Austria, and hitler, knowing he could fight the Italian army, retreated, however he now knew he had completely support from the Austrians
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17
Q

What policy in the tov did hitler directly break in 1935

A

Disarmament

He held a freedom to rearm rally where he put on a massive display of troops and weapons

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18
Q

When and what was the Saar plebiscite

A

Hitler held a vote in the Saar (a german speaking area owned by the LoN) asking if they wanted to go back to Germany
90% said yes

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19
Q

What did hitler do after the Saar plebiscite

A

Marched in, took the land and used the resources to further rearm germany

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20
Q

What was the Anglo-German naval agreement

A

In 1935, in reflection of the harshness of the ToV, England allowed Germany to have 35% of the a,Lunt of the British navy
He was also now allowed submarines
As it went directly against the ToV, it only strengthened hitlers idea that he didn’t have to listen to the tov

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21
Q

What was the Franco soviet pact

A

A pact between France and the ussr agreeing to protect each other if under threat from Germany

22
Q

What was hitlers response to the Franco soviet pact

A

He manipulated it to seem as an act of aggression and in ‘retaliation’ marched into the Rhineland

23
Q

When was the Rhineland re occupied

A

1936

24
Q

What were hitlers risks with invading the Rhineland

A

He wasn’t strong enough to take on ToV, in fact he even stated that if they had to tried to stop him (anyone in the ToV that is, even France) but they didn’t and hitler took it as a clear sign he could do as he pleased

25
Q

Why did they allies not stop hitler taking the Rhineland

A

They thought he was just taking back what was his anyway
They didn’t want a war over that area of land
They were busy with their own issues in their countries

26
Q

What was the LoNs reaction to the Rhineland invasion

A

They began to re arm

27
Q

When was the Rome Berlin axis signed

A

1936

28
Q

What was the Rome Berlin axis

A

After hitler invaded the Rhineland, Mussolini saw strength and signed a treaty stating he would support hitler.
From then on the two countries worked closely together

29
Q

Why did Mussolini sign the Rome Berlin axis

A

Him and hitler were both strong fascists (Mussolini was stronger though)
He also wanted to build an empire (similar to the Roman Empire) and allied with hitler to do so

30
Q

How did hitler get a potential ally out of Spain

A

Spain was in the middle of a civil war (communist vs fascist) and hitler sent support to the fascist leader Franco (he sent his airforce, luftwafte) therefore if he won Spain would become an ally to hitler

31
Q

What was the anti Comintern pact and when was it signed

A

It was a pact between German and Japan, signed in November 1936, stating that they would work together against communist countries (Japan focussing on china and Germany on the ussr)

32
Q

When was Anschluss

A

1938

33
Q

What lead to Anschluss

A

In early 1938, the Austrian leader, schuschnigg heard that nazis planned to overthrow the Austrian government
In response to this, he met with hitler and instead arranged a plebiscite for the Austrian people, asking whether or not they wanted Anschluss (Austria and Germany uniting)
Regardless hitler invaded Austria in march 1938 to protest the proposed plebiscite
In April the plebiscite was held ( under nazi rule) stating that 99% of Austrians wanted Anschluss

34
Q

Was hitler strongly opposed when invading Austria

A

No, in fact the nazi army were welcomed in and some were greeted with fanfare

35
Q

What was the allies response to Anschluss

A 
They just saw it as Germany taking back the land of German speaking people 
However some (eg Churchill) began to worry
36
Q

When did Germany invade the Sudetenland

A

October 1938

37
Q

Where was the Sudetenland

A

Czechoslovakia

38
Q

How many German speaking people were in the Sudetenland

A

3 million

39
Q

Why hitler want the Sudetenland

A

It had around 3 million German speaking people in it
It was rich in resources that hitler would need for rearmament
Hitler had invaded other places previously with no consequences so he thought he would be fine (he was only met with appeasement)

40
Q

What was the reaction the the invasion of the Sudetenland

A

Most countries were fine with it as it was predominantly German place and Czechoslovakia had only recently been created chamberlain thought he had secured ‘peace in our time’
But it made Britain’s look weak to France and the ussr and they lost support from them

41
Q

When was the nazi soviet pact formed

A

1939

42
Q

What was the nazi soviet pact

A

Due to their political difference, Germany and the ussr did not like each other however both wanted to invade Poland
They created this pact out of convenience where they both invaded Poland (split down the polish corridor) and agreed not to fight each other (both were afraid of the others military power, Stalin even thought that the allies and LoN couldn’t stop hitler)

43
Q

Why was the nazi soviet act convienient for both parties involved

A

It meant that they both wouldn’t need to fight each other or worry about invasions from the other
They both also only wanted to fight one force (Poland) not two
Stalin also knew that the LoN would approve of it if he did it alone but were weak against him and hitler

44
Q

When did Germany invade Poland

A

1st September 1939

45
Q

How did Britain/ the LoN respond to hitler invading Poland

A

After two days they gave him an ultimatum- withdraw your troops or we declare war

46
Q

What was germanys response to the British threat of war

A

They were given a deadline that they ignored causing Britain and France to declare war on Germany

47
Q

Why did the French declare war when Britain did and why did Britain declare war in the first place

A

Britain was allied with Poland and promised to protect them against hitler who clearly had his sights set on Poland
Britain and France were also allied so when Britain declared war, France had to as well

48
Q

How long did it take for hitler to take ALL of Poland

A

4 weeks

49
Q

What treaties or policies did hitler break by invading Poland

A

ToV
Appeasement
Nazi soviet pact (he took all not just some of it)

50
Q

Why did hitler continue despite the threat

A

He didn’t believe they would act on it as they didn’t with their previous threats, thus beginning ww2

51
Q

What was the pact of steel and when was it signed

A

It was a pact declaring alliship between Germany, Japan and Italy signed in 1939

History Conflict And Tension (3 decks)

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