The judiciary- types of judge, role of judges in criminal courts Flashcards

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1
Q

Who is the judiciary made up of?

A

-all the different types of judge
-can have some lawmaking powers depending on where they sit on the heirarchy.

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2
Q

Where does each type of judge sit?

A
  1. Superior judges- supreme court, court of appeal, high court
  2. Inferior judges- crown court, county court, magistrates court.
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3
Q

Which act changed the qualifications needed to become a judge?

A

-TCEA 2000.
-Solicitors/ barristers can now apply for any position on the courts.

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4
Q

What are the 6 different types of judge?

A
  1. Lord justices of the supreme court
  2. Lord justices of appeal
  3. High court judges
  4. Circuit judges
  5. Recorder judges
  6. District judges in the magistrates or county court.
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5
Q

What are the qualifications to be a lord justice of the SC?

A

-high judicial office for at least 2 years/ solicitor or barrister for 15.

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6
Q

What do Lord justices of the supreme court do?

A
  1. hear around 70 cases per year on point of law.
  2. usually, a panel of 5 but in times of importance 7.
  3. bind all lower courts.
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7
Q

What are the qualifications for a lord justice of appeal?

A

-S/B for 7 years + appointed from high court judges.

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8
Q

What do Lord justices of appeal do?

A
  1. 37 of them who either sit on criminal/civil divisions.
  2. Criminal permission hears 7k applications to appeal- only ¼ are granted +civil hears 3,000 cases on liability or remedy.
  3. sit in a panel of 3 but 5 for important.
  4. High workload so sometimes high court judges sit with them.
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9
Q

What qualifications are needed to be a high court judge?

A

-Solicitor or barrister for 7 years or a circuit judge for 2.

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10
Q

What does a high court judge do?

A
  1. 72 in KBD, 17 in chancery + 18 in family division.
  2. deal with cases at first instance, hear cases + decide on remedy.
  3. Appeals mainly crown court but sometimes magistrates.
  4. Sometimes sit in crown court if - very serious offence. I.e murder.
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11
Q

What qualifications are needed to be a circuit judge?

A

solicitor or barrister for 7 years, or be a recorder, or a district judge for 3 years

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12
Q

What do circuit judges do?

A

-sit in the county and crown courts, decide the law on facts of case and in crown court the jury decide.

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13
Q

What qualifications are needed to be a recorder judge?

A
  • solicitor or barrister for 7 years.
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14
Q

What do recorder judges do?

A

-part-time
-sit for a period of 5 years usually in crown court.

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15
Q

What qualifications are needed to be a district judge in a county or magistrates court?

A

-Must have been a solicitor/ barrister for 5 years.

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16
Q

What do district judges in the county or magistrates court do?

A
  1. county court usually to deal with small claims
  2. can also sit in the magistrate’s court to hear criminal cases.
  3. can pass sentences on guilty defendants.