The Jacobite Wars (1715-1745)

Question 1

Type of war

Answer 1

Religious, between countries/people, invasion

Question 2

Examples of war

Answer 2

1715 - Highland Scots still mostly Catholic, favoured return of catholic king; supported James Francis Stuart; his followers (20,000 Jacobites) took control of Scotland/invaded England - defeated by English army in Preston; James returned to France.
1745 - James’ son, Charles, tried to seize thrown for father when Britain at war w/France; sailed to Scotland to rally catholic troops to invade England; proclaimed father to be James VIII and controlled much of Scotland; invaded but only gained 300 catholics before fleeing; many Scots fought against Charles at Battle of Culloden.

Question 3

Impact on people

Answer 3

1746 - after battle, Jacobites hunted down, killed - over 100 more executed, further 1000 deported to North America.
- highlanders forced to hand over weapons/land
-Scotland dominated by lowland Scots/backed by British army
-highlanders were still used to fight in British army in India/Canada

Question 4

Impact on government

Answer 4

-National anthem created
-positive impact - George I/monarchy is stronger because people support him on the throne.
-the failed attempts reinforce support/popularity of protestant monarchy