The English Civil Wars (1642-1651)

Question 1

Type of war

Answer 1

-religious
-civil war
-rebellion (Parliament rebels)

Question 2

Examples of war

Answer 2

-BRITAIN VERY DIVIDED
-Ideology (religious):
>”Bloody Mary” burned Protestants in 1550s
>Spanish Armada
>Guy Fawkes (catholic) tries to blow up parliament/king in 1605
— (makes Catholicism unpopular)
-Ideology (political)
>Magna Carta in 1215 gives Barons power
>Tudor monarchs used parliament to raise money/fight
>New ideas about role of king/parliament considered in 1600s.
-Three kingdoms: England (protestant), Scotland (radically protestant), Ireland (extremely Catholic)
>Charles ruled all 3 and wanted them to be the same

Question 3

Attitudes and responses

Answer 3

-people are willing to fight for their sides
-taxes
-propaganda- 1450 - printing press invented -> can spread easily (affordable)
>1640s - news sheets and pamphlets were able to be delivered across country.

Question 4

Impact on people

Answer 4

-direct, indirect, psychological, cultural
-150 English towns suffered extensive damage from bombardement.
-85,000 people were made homeless
-10,000 town houses destroyed.
-62,000 people died between 1642-1648
-1000% peak increase in taxes
-41% of Irish people killed

Question 5

Impact on government

Answer 5

-Charles/royalists lose, so he loses power, while Parliament and Cromwell gain power