The Jacksonian Era Flashcards
What was the Era of Good Feelings?
A period in the United States that reflected rising nationalism in America after between 1817-1825. The era saw the collapse of the Federalist Party and the Democratic-Republican Party becoming the sole party. It was a few years of prosperity, lessening of political division, and interest in projects for the national good.
What was the Missouri Compromise?
- Congress admitted Maine as a free state in 1820 so that Missouri would become a slave state to maintain the balance.
- All states north of the 36º 30’ latitude line must be free state territory.
Why was the Election of 1824 significant?
- The first election after the end of the Era of Good Feelings.
- Andrew Jackson won the popular vote, but the electoral college was divided four ways.
- The Democratic party was formed in retaliation against Adams.
What was the Corrupt Bargain?
- Since Henry Clay was not going to win the election, helped John Quincy Adams get elected.
- In return, John Quincy Adams made Henry Clay secretary of state, using the trend of Secretaries of State being next in line for presidency. *Andrew Jackson and his supporters was angry as he had won the popular vote but lost the election.
Who was Andrew Jackson?
- A Democratic-Republican who was voted into office in 1828. The people wanted representation and reform from the administration of John Quincy Adams.
- Jackson believed that the people should rule. Jackson appealed to the common man as he was said to be one.
How does Jackson use vetoes as President?
Jackson used his veto power more than any previous president, including vetoing the recharter of the Second Bank of the United States.
What was the National Bank Crisis/War?
A political battle between Jackson, Clay and Nicolas Biddle over the renewal of the U.S. Bank.
Why did the Bank War happened?
*The 2nd bank of the United States needed to be rechartered in 1836 but it was not liked by Jackson or in many areas of the country for a multitude of reasons.
* Nicholas Biddle didn’t want to wait until 1836 to act when Jackson had nothing to lose by removing the bank as he already served 2 terms and was not planning a 3rd so he got a charter for the bank by Congress in 1832 but Jackson vetoed it
What were Jackson’s reasons to veto the recharter?
*He doesn’t like how the structure stays the same.
* The bank controls the money & could make costly mistakes.
* Unconstitutionality by the Supreme Court doesn’t overrule his opinion.
* Operated directly against the interests of the common man.
*The rich and the poor are ultimately inevitable in a society but don’t make the rich wealthier and the poor poorer.
Why was the Whig Party formed?
Jackson’s enemies saw him as a monarchist and formed the Whigs in opposition to Jackson.
What were the Whig Party’s ideals?
They stood for protective tariffs, national banking, and federal aid for internal improvements.
What did Jackson do with the money he took from the National Bank?
He put the money into “pet banks”, state run banks that were given more power because they were loyal to President Andrew Jackson.
How did the Bank War affect the economy?
*The Panic of 1837 happened as unregulated banks gave too many loans and printed excessive amounts of their own money.
* The depression caused profits, prices, and wages to drop, westward expansion to be stalled, and a rise unemployment.
What was the Nullification Crisis?
A movement that campaigned against the Tariff of 1828. They believed that states had the right to nullify federal laws as written in the Constitution since the authority of the federal government derived from the consent of the states.
What was the Force Bill of 1833?
Allowed the President of the United States to use military force against states that refused to comply with federal tax and tariff laws. It was Jackson’s warning to Southerners that threats of nullification and secession would not be tolerated.
