The Internet and the World Wide Web

Question 1

what is the Internet

Answer 1

a global infrastructure of interconnected networks (routers, servers, pylons, ISPs, cables, satellites)

Question 2

what is the World Wide Web

Answer 2

The world wide web is the collection of websites
and web pages accessed using the Internet

Question 3

what does URL stand for

Answer 3

Uniform Resource Locator

Question 4

what is a URL

Answer 4

a URL is a unique text-based address for a web page, it
can contains the:
- protocol
- **domain name
- web page/file name

Question 5

how are these web pages accessedd

Answer 5

using a web browser e.g. Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge

Question 6

what is a protocol

Answer 6

• a set of rules for communication between devices
• covers standard for:
  
  • physical connections
  • cabling mode of transmission
  • data format
  • error detection
• allows equipment from different suppliers, all following the standard communication protocol, to work together

Question 7

HTTP =

Answer 7

HyperText Transfer Protocol

Question 8

HTTPS =

Answer 8

HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure

Question 9

what is the purpose of HTTP

Answer 9

the standard protocol used to communicate cross the Web

Question 10

what is the operation of HTTP

Answer 10

when you visit a site which has an address starting with http, any data you enter into the site (e.g. name, address or bank details), is sent in plaintext and is susceptible to hacking

Question 11

what is HTTPS

Answer 11

• a secure protocol
• any data transmitted between the website and your browser is **encrypted* and cannot be understood by anyone intercepting it
• web server you are connected to is also authenticated to ensure the site is genuine

Question 12

8 functions of a browser

Answer 12

• rendering + displaying web pages
• storing bookmarks + favourites
• recording user history
• allowing use of multiple tabs
• storing cookies
• providing navigation tools
• providing an address bar