🏭 The Industrial Revolution 🏭

Question 1

What was Enclosure?

Answer 1

Fences and walls were used to separate crops and livestock

Question 2

What was selective breeding?

Answer 2

Only allowing the best animals to breed and killing off the weaker ones, it was developed by Robert Bakewell

Question 3

What new machines were built?

Answer 3

The mechanical reaper (Cyrus McCormick), Seed drill (Jethro Tull)

Question 4

What was the four field system?

Answer 4

Instead of having a fallow they would plant 4 crops (turnip,wheat,clove,wheat) it was developed by Viscount Charles Townshed

Question 5

Why did the industrial revolution start in Britain?

Answer 5

Coal and Iron, British Empire, Stable, workforce, inventors

Question 6

Explain why coal and iron was a cause?

Answer 6

Britain has huge amounts of coal and iron in areas like Wales, Yorkshire and southern Scotland

Question 7

Explain why the British Empire was a cause?

Answer 7

Because Britain ruled so much land it made it easier to get cheap raw materials like cotton and rubber. Britain also had huge markets to see in

Question 8

What was in the Agricultural Revolution?

Answer 8

Enclosure, new machinery, selective breeding, 4 field system

Question 9

Why was Britain being a good place to do business a cause?

Answer 9

It was a very stable country. It had a good education system, a strong banking system (which provided the money to start all the new businesses) and a stable government

Question 10

Why was the read-made workforce a cause?

Answer 10

The Agricultural Revolution led to a huge increase in food production, this meant that there were many people willing to work in the factories of the industrial revolution

Question 11

Why was the league of extraordinary gentlemen a cause?

Answer 11

Britain produced many great engineers and inventors like James Watt (inventor of the rotary steam engine), George Stephenson (pioneer of the railway and inventor of the ‘rocket’) and Isambard Kingdom Brunel (engineer and builder of bridges)

Question 12

Why invented the flying shuttle?

Answer 12

John Kay, it was used for weaving

Question 13

Who invented the spinning Jenny?

Answer 13

James Hargreaves, it was used for spinning

Question 14

Who invented the water frame?

Answer 14

Richard Arkwright, it was used for spinning

Question 15

Who invented the mule?

Answer 15

Samuel Crompton, it was used for spinning

Question 16

Who invented the power loom?

Answer 16

Edmund Cartwright, it was used for weaving

Question 17

Who invented the first modern steam engine?

Answer 17

Thomas Newcomen, but it was unreliable and dangerous

Question 18

Who invented, smelting iron with coke?

Answer 18

Abraham Darby, it made iron stronger

Question 19

Who invented, puddling and rolling?

Answer 19

Henry Cort, it improved the quality of the iron produced

Question 20

Who invented the Davy lamp?

Answer 20

Humphrey Davy, it improved the safety of mines

Question 21

Who invented the Bessemer Converter?

Answer 21

Henry Bessemer, it turned iron into much stronger steel

Question 22

Who designed and built the Bridgewater Canal between Liverpool and Manchester?

Answer 22

James Brindley, it was a cheap and efficient way to transport goods between factories and ports

Question 23

Who pressed small stones to make roads and made slopes at the side to prevent flooding?

Answer 23

John McAdam, this made it possible to use most roads in winter

Question 24

Who built roads with layers of rocks and stones?

Answer 24

Thomas Telford, this improved the quality of roads

Question 25

Who invented the rocket?

Answer 25

George Stephenson, it was the fastest mode of transport ever invented

Question 26

Who were the Luddites?

Answer 26

They attacked the factories and smashes the machines because they were afraid of the change the machines would have on their lives

Question 27

Who were the Chartist’s?

Answer 27

They demanded rights for the factory workers

Question 28

What were the Chartist’s demands?

Answer 28

All men have a right to vote. Members of parliament to be paid so poor workers could run for election. Have a secret ballot at elections

Question 29

Who was Louis Pasteur?

Answer 29

He had the idea that the micro-organisms that made wine go off could be killed by heating the wine. He applied this method to dairy products which made them much safer to consume

Question 30

Who developed the vaccine for small pox?

Answer 30

Edward Jenner