The Impacts of Structural Economic Change on People and Places

Question 1

Deindustrialisation

Answer 1

Economic restructuring

Question 2

Positives In ACS

Answer 2

Cheaper imports of all relatively intensive products can keep living costs down
Greater efficiency apparent in surviving outlets. This can release labour for higher productivity sectors
Growth in LIDCs may lead to a demand for exports from ACs
Promotion of labour market flexibility and efficiency
Greater industrial efficiency should lead to development of new technologies, promotion of entrepreneurship and should attract foreign investment
Loss of mining and industrial industries can lead to improved environmental quality

Question 3

Positives in LIDCs and EDCs

Answer 3

Higher export generated income promote export led growth
Can trickle down to local areas with many new highly paid jobs
Can reduce negative trade balances
Can lead to exposures to new technologies, improve skills and labour productivity.
Employment growth in relatively labour intensive manufacturing spreads wealth and redress global injustice

Question 4

Negatives in ACs

Answer 4

Rising job exports leads to inevitable job losses and increase competition for other jobs
Job losses are often of unskilled workers
Big gaps develop between skilled and unskilled
Employment gains form new efficiencies will only occur if industrialised countries can keep their wage demands down
Job losses are concentrated in certain areas and certain industries.

Question 5

Negative in LIDCs and EDCs

Answer 5

Unlikely to decrease inequality - as jobs tend to be concentrated in core regions
Disruptive social impacts as TNCS may exploit people
Can lead to over-dependence on a narrow economic base
Can destabilise food supplies as people give up agriculture
Environmental issue associated with over rapid industrialisation
Health and safety issues