The Immune System and The Bodies Response to Infection Flashcards
multicellular such as humans, plants and animals
Eukaryotes
Unicellular such as bacteria
Prokaryotes
the system that protects against infection
the Immune System
Skin, tears, saliva, earwax are example of…
the first line of defense
is the first line of defense specific or non-specific?
non-specific
_____: white blood cells called ____ engulf and digest all invaders. Pus, inflammation, and fever may occur as a result
the second line of defense, phagocytes
is the second line of defense specific or non-specific?
non-specific
used if pathogens get passed the other defenses
the third line of defense
is the third line of defense specific or non-specific?
specific
the third line of defense consists of millions of white blood cells called _____ that attack specific foreign molecules called _____
Lymphocytes, antigens
secretes antibodies that bind to inactive antigens and recognize small, free-living microbes and their toxins
B cells
where can B cell antibodies be found?
the blood, lymph, breast milk, intestines and tissue fluids
directly attacks the antigens by responding to endangered body cells such as cancer cells, transplanted tissues and larger organisms such as parasitic worms and fungi
T cells
short term immunity where antibodies are passed to another in blood or other fluids such as breathing mild
Passive immunity
long term immunity caused by exposure to antigens and antibody production. also due to disease exposure or vaccinations
Active Immunity
Immune response that occurs even though no pathogen is present
Allergy
the ability to respond to infection and results from the increased production of B and T cells
Immune response
when the Immune system attacks its own cells. ie: multiple sclerosis, HIV, and type 1 diabetes
Autoimmune diseases
T cells attack the proteins on nerve cells in the brain
Multiple sclerosis
T and B cells attack insulin producing cell in the pancreas
Type 1 diabetes
Infects and destroys T cells, leaving the immune system unable to respond to any infections. it. mutates rapidly and had no vaccine. causes ___
HIV, AIDS
Copied B cells that fight infection
Memory cells
takes advantage of long-term protection from antibody producing memory cells, taking components of pathogens such as inactive viruses
Vaccinations
