The Digestive System Flashcards

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1
Q

system that metabolizes(breaks down) food to be used for energy by the body

A

Disgestive System

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2
Q

long tube with openings at the mouth and anus

A

digestive tract

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3
Q

what are the two types of digestion? and what is an example of both?

A

Mechanical ie: teeth and Chemical ie: saliva

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4
Q

where food breakdown begins

A

mouth and throat

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5
Q

forms in the back of the throat and branches into two tubes: Trachea and Esophagus

A

Pharynx

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6
Q

thin flap of cartilage below the tongue

A

Epiglottis

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7
Q

where does the trachea and esophagus lead too?

A

Trachea leads to the lungs and Esophagus leads to the stomach

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8
Q

pathway to the stomach

A

esophagus

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9
Q

food degrades further by digestive enzymes and acids

A

stomach

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10
Q

long tube that absorbs nutrients into the bloodstream and is the major site of chemical digestion

A

small intestine

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11
Q

outside of the digestive tract but produce or secrete substances for digestion

A

accessory organs

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12
Q

produces secretions to neutralize stomach acids and enzymes to digest carbs, fats, proteins, and nucleic acids

A

pancreas

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13
Q

produces bile to help dissolve fats in the small intestine

A

liver

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14
Q

store and concentrates bile to be release into the small intestine

A

gallbladder

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15
Q

finger-like projections of small intestine that absorb digested nutrients into the bloodstream

A

Villi

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16
Q

transport nutrients into blood vessels of villi

A

microvilli

17
Q

holds materials not absorbed in the small intestines

A

large intestine (colon)

18
Q

what is feces mostly made out of?

A

75% water

19
Q

both human and bacteria benefit from relationship

A

mutualistic species

20
Q

neutral impact on human, benefit to bacteria

A

commensal species

21
Q

human is negatively impacted and bacteria benefits

A

parasitic species

22
Q

links cognitive and emotional centers of the brainwash the gut through the ______

A

central nervous system