the humanistic approach

Question 1

abraham maslow

Answer 1

developed the hierarchy as a way for employers to get the best out of their employees by understanding their needs

Question 2

assumptions of the humanistic approach

Answer 2

-individuals have free will to make their own choices
-focus on human worth of the individuals and being more optimistic
-focus on the physiological growth of the individual, people can self actualise

Question 3

how are needs like ‘vitamins’

Answer 3

we can never be healthy without them, long term deficiency can encourage mental health disorders

Question 4

what do the top and bottom levels of the hierarchy mean

Answer 4

bottom- deficiency needs
top- growth needs
you need to satisfy the lower needs to move up

Question 5

what did rogers say about the self and congruence

Answer 5

personal growth in achieved when a persons self is near to their ideal self

Question 6

what is the self

Answer 6

how they see themselves

Question 7

what is the ideal self

Answer 7

the person that they want to become

Question 8

what happens if the self and the ideal self differ largely

Answer 8

it will lead to incongruence, the person will have negative views on themselves and not reach self actualisation

Question 9

what is lack of unconditional positive regard and what does it cause

Answer 9

lack of unconditional love from parents and it causes problems for adulthood

Question 10

what is client centred therapy

Answer 10

a way to reduce the gap between the self and the ideal self
therapists give their patients unconditional positive regard that they didnt receive in childhood

Question 11

strengths and weaknesses of the humanistic approach

Answer 11

• there is relatively little real world application
  + it promotes a positive image of the human condition
• includes a number of abstract ideas rather than a full theory
• more readily associated with individualist cultures than collectivist cultures

Question 12

what are the hierarchy of needs from highest to lowest

Answer 12

-self actualisation
-need for esteem
need for loving and belonging
-need for safety
-physiological needs

Question 13

what happens if physiological needs are not met (-) and met (+)

Answer 13

-you will begin to crave food, water etc
+no cravings, higher needs will present themselves

Question 14

what happens if needs for safety are not met (-) and met (+)

Answer 14

-you will become anxious and display fight or flight behaviour
+you will experience physical security, your safety needs decrease

Question 15

what happens if needs for love and belonging are not met (-) and met (+)

Answer 15

-you will become lonely, withdrawal, and rejected and will show hostility towards ‘out groups’
+you will demonstrate mutual love and freedom. high needs will present themselves

Question 16

what happens if needs for esteem are not met (-) and met (+)

Answer 16

-you will become fearful of criticism, failure, and risks. inferior helpless and feel frustration towards those who withhold respect. envious bitter and arrogant
+feel confident and content, show self belief and respect and will be prepared to step out of comfort zone

Question 17

what happens if self actualisation is not met (-) and met (+)

Answer 17

-view life as meaningless and become restless and bored, with a tendency to avoid growth and development
+feel a desire to develop, feel creative positive and energetic, a desire to contribute, live curiously and independently, develop an identity