social learning theory Flashcards
albert bandura
behaviour is learned directly through our experiences, he recognised the importance of mental processes in learning behaviours
-developed from behaviourism, learning also takes place indirectly through observing and imitating others
what was the Bobo doll experiment procedure
-half of the children observed aggressive adult models (hitting bobo doll and being verbally aggressive)
-the other half observed non aggressive models who played quietly and ignored the doll)
-the children were then shown toys that they were not allowed to play with and then taken to a room with many toys and a bobo doll
what were the results of the bobo doll experiment
-children who observed aggressive models copied them with physical and verbal aggression, 1/3 repeated what was said by the model
-children who observed the non aggressive model showed almost no aggression or interest to the bobo doll
what are features of slt
modelling, imitation, identification, vicarious reinforcement, mediational processes
what is modelling
individuals learn a behaviour by observing another individual performing that behaviour
what is imitation
copying the behaviour of the model
what is identification
an observer sees themselves as similar to the model
what is vicarious reinforcement
learning through indirect reinforcement by watching someone else being reinforced by a behaviour
what are mediational processes
internal mental processes that influence learning
different types of model
live model- parent, teacher, peers
symbolic model- someone portrayed in the media, tv character
imitation
can cause behaviours to be acquired rapidly, determined by characteristics of the model observed consequences of the behaviour and ability of the observer to imitate behaviour
identification
determined by characteristics of the model
if the observer identifies with the model the behaviour is more likely to be imitated
shutts et al (200)suggests children are more likely to imitate role models who the child can identify with- particularly same sex models
vicarious reinforcement
observed consequences of behaviour
bandura and walters (1963) children who observed models being rewarded for aggressive behaviour were more likely to imitate than if the model was punished
observers are indirectly reinforced by observing the likely consequences if they were to imitate that behaviour
mediational processes
ability of the observer to imitate behaviour
Bandura (1986) claimed that the observer must be able to form mental representations of the behaviour for social learning to take place
what are the mediational processes
attention, retention, motor reproduction, motivation
