comparison of approaches Flashcards
views on development cognitive
stage theories based on cognitive development have improved our understanding of intellectual development
views on development biological
genetically determined changes in children determine their psychological and behavioural characteristics
views on development psychodynamic
links concepts and processes to specific psychosexual stages based on age limited development after genital stage
views on development humanistic
development of the self is ongoing throughout life childs relationship with parents can determine psychological health
nature vs nurture
be=nurture, babies are blank slates
slt= nurture, learning through observation and imitation
cog= both, cognitive processes are innate and also shaped by environement
nature=both, result of genetics and other biological features
psy= both, behaviour driven by biology and also relationship with patients
hum=nurture, relationships and wider society impact self concept
reductionism vs holism
be= reductionism
slt= reductionism
cog= reductionism
bio= reductionism
psy= reductionism
hum= holism
determinism vs free will
be= hard determinism
slt= soft determinism
cog= soft determinism
bio= hard determinism
psy= hard determinism
hum= free will
idiographic vs nomothetic
be= nomothetic
slt= nomothetic
cog= nomothetic
bio= nomothetic
psy= idiographic
hum= idiographic
what is nature and nurture
nature= behaviour is influenced by our inheritance
nurture= behaviour is influenced by our environment
what is reductionism and holism
reductionism= human behaviour can be effectively explained by breaking it down into individual parts
holism= human behaviour can be effectively explained by looking at many different factors and how they interact
what is determinism and free will
determinism= all behaviour has an internal and external cause
-hard determinism= behaviour is completely determined
-soft determinism= free choice within a set of predetermined choices
free will= people have complete control over their behaviour
what is the idiographic and nomothetic approach
idiographic= an approach to research that focuses on individual cases that understand behaviour, doesnt normally make comparisons, uses qualitative methods such as case studies
nomothetic= an approach that attempts to study behaviour through general principles and universal laws, tends to make comparisons, uses quantitative methods such as experiments
