THE HUMAN ORGANISM Flashcards
It is the study of structure and function of the body
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
From the word ANATOMY, Ana means what?
Apart
From the word ANATOMY, Tomy means what?
To cut
It is the scientific discipline that investigates the STRUCTURE of the body
ANATOMY
The scientific discipline that deals with the processes or FUNCTIONS of the body
PHYSIOLOGY
Give atleast 1 major goal of physiology
- To understand and predict the body’s responses to stimuli
2. To understand how the body parts works
What are all the levels of the structural ladder of organization of the body?
CHEMICAL LEVEL CELLULAR LEVEL TISSUE LEVEL ORGAN LEVEL SYSTEM LEVEL ORGANISM LEVEL
The simplest level in structural ladder, it includes atoms and molecules.
Chemical level
The basic structural and functional units of an organism that are composed of chemical.
Cellular Level
The study of tissues
Histology
What are the 4 types of tissues?
Epithelial tissue
Connective tissue
Muscle tissue
Nerve tissue
What tissue that covers body surfaces; lines, hollow organs, cavities and form glands?
Epithelial tissue
It is a type of tissue that connects, supports and protects body organs while distributing blood vessels to other tissue.
Connective tissue
What tissue that contracts to make body part move and generates heat?
Muscle tissue
This tissue carries information through nerve impulses.
Nerve tissue
What level does composed of two or more tissues that perform the same function?
Organ level
What is the term of the movement of gastro-intestinal organs?
Peristalsis
This level consists of related organs with a common function.
System level
It is any living thing considered as a whole composed of one cell such as bacterium, or of trillion of cells, such as human.
Organism
What system it belongs when the heart pumps blood through blood vessels?
Cardiovascular system
The transferring of oxygen and carbon dioxide belong to what system?
Respiratory system
This system helps regulate acid-base balance, temperature and water content of body fluid.
Cardiovascular system
What system helps regulate acid-base balance of body fluids?
Respiratory system
Generates action potentials (nerve impulses) to regulate body activities.
Nervous system
This system detects changes in body’s internal and external environments, interpret changes and respond.
Nervous system
It breaks down and absorbs food and eliminates solid wastes.
Digestive system
The production of gametes that unite to form a new organism happens in what system?
Reproductive system
Sperm and oocyte are examples of what?
Gametes
It produce, store, eliminates wastes and regulates volume and chemical composition of blood.
Urinary system
It maintains body’s mineral balance and helps regulate production of red blood cells.
Urinary system
It returns proteins and fluid to blood and carries lipids from gastrointestinal tract to blood.
Lymphatic system
Contains sites of maturation and proliferation of B cells and T cells that protect against disease-causing microbes.
Lymphatic system
It supports and protects body, provides surface area for muscle attachment and aids body movement.
Skeletal system
It is the house of cells that produce blood cells.
Flat bones
This bone store minerals and lipids.
Long bones
It participates in body movements, maintain posture and produce heat.
Muscular system
It detects sensation such as touch, pain, warmth, and cold. It also store fats and provides insulation.
Integumentary system
A major regulatory system that influences metabolism, growth, reproduction and many other functions.
Endocrine system
It is the ability to use energy
Metabolism
Breakdown of complex; produce energy
Catabolism
Catabol means?
Throwing down
ism means?
a condition
Building up of smaller to complex: uses energy
Anabolism
Anabol means?
raising up
Refers to the specific intertalionships among the parts of an organism and how those parts interact to perform
Movement/Organization
Formation of new cell for tissue growth, repair or requirement. Production of new individual.
Reproduction
Ability of an organism to sense changes in the environment.
Responsiveness
Increase in body size; increase in the number of cells
Growth
Changes of an organism through time
Development/ Diffentation
Growth but also involves differentation
Development
Changes in cell structure and function from generalized
Differentation
Homeo means?
Sameness
Stasis means?
Stand still
It is the existence and maintenance of the balance
Homeostasis
Detects changes and signal the control center
Receptor
Analyzes the information it receives and determine the appropriate response.
Control Center
Receives output and produce the response
Effector
It is the factor being regulated in homeostasis.
Variable
It carries deoxygenated blood towards the heart
Veins
It carries oxygenated blood away from the heart
Arteries
