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1ss23 > CELL BIOLOGY 2 > Flashcards

CELL BIOLOGY 2 Flashcards

1
Q

It is a homogeneous mixture of two or more components

A

Solution

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2
Q

It is the dissolving medium; typically water in the body

A

Solvent

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3
Q

It is a components in smaller quantities within a solution

A

Solutes

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4
Q

It includes nucleoplasm and cytosol.

A

Intracellular fluid

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5
Q

It is a fluid on the exterior of the cell

A

Interstitial fluid

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6
Q

What is the term when plasma membrane allows some materials to pass while excluding others?

A

Selective permeability

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7
Q

What are the two basic methods of transport?

A

Passive processes

Active processes

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8
Q

It is a method of transport that doesn’t required energy.

A

Passive processes

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9
Q

It is a method of transport in which the cell must provide metabolic energy (ATP)

A

Active processes

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10
Q

It is a process by which particles tend to distribute themselves evenly within a solution.

A

Diffusion

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11
Q

It is a type of diffusion which is an unassisted process

A

Simple diffusion

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12
Q

It is a simple diffusion of water

A

Osmosis

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13
Q

It is a diffusion of water through a specific channel protein (aquaporin) or through the lipid bilayer.

A

Osmosis

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14
Q

It is a diffusion in which substances require a protein carrier for passive transport.

A

Facilitated diffusion

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15
Q

It is a process in which water and solutes are forced through a membrane by fluid, or hydrostatic pressure?

A

Filtration

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16
Q

What are the two common forms of active transport?

A 
Active transport (solute pumping)
Vesicular transport
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17
Q

Exocytosis and endocytosis are example of what transport?

A

Vesicular transport

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18
Q

What are the types of endocytosis?

A

Phagocytosis

Pinocytosis

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19
Q

Extracellular substances her in gulf by being in enclosed in a membranous vesicle.

A

Endocytosis

20
Q

It is a type of endocytosis which is also called “cell eating”

A

Phagocytosis

21
Q

It is a type of endocytosis which is also called as “cell drinking”.

A

Pinocytosis

22
Q

What are the two major periods of cells?

A

Interphase

Cell division

23
Q

It is a period in which cell grows and cell carries on metabolic processes

A

Interphase

24
Q

It is a period in which cell replicates itself and a function is to produce more cells for growth and repair processes.

A

Cell division

25
Q

It is a process in which genetic material is duplicated and readies cell for division into two cells.

A

🧬 DNA replication

26
Q

What are the nucleotides of DNA?

A

Adenine
Thymine
Cytosine
Guanine

27
Q

Adenine is always paired with what nucleotide?

A

Thymine

28
Q

Guanine is always paired with what nucleotide?

A

Cytosine

29
Q

It is a division of the nucleus that results in the formation of two daughter nuclei

A

Mitosis

30
Q

It is a division of the cytoplasm and against when mitosis is near completion.

A

Cytokinesis

31
Q

It is the first part of cell division in which centrioles migrate to the poles to direct assembly of mitotic spindle fibers.

A

Prophase

32
Q

It is the stage of mitosis when chromosomes are aligned in the center of the cell on the metaphase plate.

A

Metaphase

33
Q

It is the stage of mitosis when chromosomes are pulled apart and toward opposite ends of the cell then cells begins to elongate.

A

Anaphase

34
Q

It is the stage of mitosis when chromosomes uncoil to become chromatin, nuclear envelope reforms around chromatin and spindles breakdown and disappear.

A

Telophase

35
Q

It is a stage of mitosis that begins during late anaphase and completes during telophase.

A

Cytokinesis

36
Q

It is a DNA segment that carries a blueprint for building 1 protein.

A

Gene

37
Q

It is the building materials for cells and as enzymes (biological catalyst).

A

Protein

38
Q

What are the three types of RNA?

A 
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
39
Q

It transfers and appropriate amino acids to the ribosome for building the protein.

A

tRNA

40
Q

Helps from the ribosomes where proteins are built

A

rRNA

41
Q

Carries the instructions for building a protein from the nucleus to the ribosome

A

mRNA

42
Q

This is the transfer of information from DNA’s base sequence to the complementary base sequence of mRNA

A

Transcription

43
Q

Three-base sequences on mRNA are called?

A

Codons

44
Q

It is the base sequence of nucleic acid is translated to an amino acid sequence

A

Translation

45
Q

It is the building blocks of proteins?

A

Amino acids

1ss23 (5 decks)

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