The Hip Flashcards
What are the 3 bones of the hip called?
Ilium, ischium and pubis
What is the “true hip joint”
Coxofemoral Joint
What comprises the Coxofemoral Joint
The acetabulum and the head of the femur
What is the primary function of the coxofemoral joint?
Support the weight of the head, trunk and arms
What part of the hip is the “Ilium”?
The ears at the top :D
What part of the hip is the “Ischium”
The outsides of the foramen (eye holes at the back)
What part of the hip is the “pubis”?
The insides of the foramen (nose to eyes section)
What ring of fibrocartilage supports the coxofemoral joint?
The acetabular labrum
The superior portion of the acetabulum is lined with what?
Articular Cartilage
What plane-joint movements is the hip capable of?
Flexion, Extension, Adduction, Abduction, Internal & External Rotation
What is lumbo-pelvic rhythm?
The interconnection of the lumbar spine, the sacrum, the pelvis and the hip joint
Anterior pelvic tilt rotates the pelvis _______
Forward
Posterior pelvic tilt rotate the pelvis ______
Backward
What is lateral pelvic tilt?
When one coxofemoral joint moves superiorly or inferiorly to the other
When can an athlete demonstrate an inferior lateral pelvic tilt?
Weak gluteus medius and minimus
How does an inferior lateral pelvic tilt show in an athlete?
non-weightbearing side dropping during single-limb stance
What is pelvic rotation?
When one side of the pelvis rotates around a fixed femur on the opposite side
What part of the hip is most often associated with hip flexion?
Iliopsoas (the hip flexor)
What 2 muscles make up the iliopsoas?
The iliacus and the psoas major
Where does the iliacus originate?
The pelvis
Where does the psoas major originate?
The lumbar spine
Where do the iliacus and psoas major insert?
The proximal end of the femur
Which muscle crosses the hip and assists in hip flexion?
Rectus femoris
Where is the sartorius?
Originates at the anterior hip (anterior superior iliac spine)and crosses over the anterior aspect of the thigh to inserts onto the medial aspect of the tibia
What does the sartorius muscle do?
Assist with hip flexion
What is the purpose of the tensor fasciae latae?
Contributes to hip flexion and modulation tension on the iliotibial band (ITB)
Where is the tensor fascia latae?
Upper outside of the leg, lateral to the superior portion of the sartorius. Originates on the iliac crest, inserts into the lateral aspect on the tibia via the ITB
What are the primary extensors of the hip?
Gluteus maximus & hamstrings
What are the 3 muscles of the hamstring?
Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus, Biceps Femoris
What other muscles also help with extension of the hip?
Gluteus medius, adductor magnus, piriformis
What do the gluteus medius and minimus assist in?
Hip Abduction
Why are these muscles relative to athletic capability?
Weak abductors can be related to knee injuries such as ACL ears due to valgus knees from poor abduction.
What chronic conditions may arise from weak abductors?
Patellofemoral pain syndrome, patellar tendonitis, and ITB Syndrome.
What 5 muscles function as adductors?
Adductor Magnus, Adductor Brevis, Adductor Longus, Pectineus, Gracilis
What muscle is primarily implicated in hip pain / sciatica?
Piriformis
How does the piriformis affect Sciatica?
The sciatic nerve runs inferior to the piriformis. Tightness of the piriformis can compress the nerve resulting in pain in the nerve’s distribution
The prevailing theory is that the adductors primarily contribute to ________
Stabilisation of the hip during single leg activities (walking, running)
