The Hexapoda

Question 0

In hexapods which muscles cause the wings to go up?

Answer 0

The vertical muscles

Question 1

What are the veins composed of in hexapods?

Answer 1

Trachae, nerves, haemocoel

Question 2

In hexapods which muscles control the wings going down?

Answer 2

Longitudinal muscles

Question 3

What is the dorsal light reaction?

Answer 3

3 ocelli on the back of the hexapod dictate if the animal is flying the right way up

Question 4

What diseases do mosquitoes carry?

Answer 4

Malaria, elephantitis, encephalitis, yellow fever

Question 5

What disease do the tsetse fly carry?

Answer 5

Sleeping sickness

Question 6

What disease do fleas carry?

Answer 6

The bubonic plague

Question 7

What diseases do houseflies carry?

Answer 7

Typhoid fever

Dysentry

Question 8

Where are the accesory hearts in a hexapod?

Answer 8

Antennae
Mouthparts
Legs
Wings

Question 9

Name 3 characteristics of internal transport

Answer 9

Open cardiovascular system
Heart is a contractile middorsal tubes
The heart is perforated by 1-12 pairs of ostia

Question 10

What system do hexapods have for excretion?

Answer 10

Malphigian tubules

Question 11

What sense organs do hexapods have?

Answer 11

Body covered in simple mechanoreceptors claimed from setae

Antenna have gustatory, mechanosensory and thermoreceptors

Question 12

In hexapods is the gas exchange system dependent on the hemal system?

Answer 12

No

Question 13

Where does the tracheolo go in fligt muscles of hexapoda?

Answer 13

The mitochondria

Question 14

What are the 4 characteristics of hexapods?

Answer 14

Reduction in walking appendages to 6
3 body segments consolidating to form the thorax
Thorax provides most of locomotory ability
Single pair of antennae

Question 15

What did pavlov do with his dogs?

Answer 15

He conditioned them to associate a ringing bell with food, so eventually they began to drool on the ringing of the bell

Question 16

How were bees conditioned?

Answer 16

2 seconds of occur followed by 3 seconds of sugar water, led to them associating food with the odour

Question 17

How do hexapods see?

Answer 17

They have one compound eye, which has many little eyes which are either on or off.
They have 3 ocelli, which are simple light receptors

Question 18

What is the flicker effect in hexapods?

Answer 18

They are very good at spotting movement as their eye cells switch on to movement

Question 19

What are the three subgroups of wingless arthropods and insects?

Answer 19

Collembols
Protura
Diplura

Question 20

What is the waggle dance?

Answer 20

It is a method of communication among bees, where they show the direction of a pollen source in comparison to the angle of the sun.

Question 21

What is eusociality?

Answer 21

The reproductive division of labour

Question 22

What is the inclusive fitness theory?

Answer 22

The concept that they are more closely related to siblings than children

Question 23

What is the growth pattern of a hemimetabolous hexapod?

Answer 23

Egg –> nymph –> adult

Question 24

What is the growth pattern of a holometabolous hexapod?

Answer 24

Egg –> larva –> pupa –> adult

Question 25

What is the main advantage of a holometabolous hexapods life cycle over a hemimetabolous hexapods life cycle?

Answer 25

The larvae and adult are morphologically very different therefore do not compete, however the nymph is simply a smaller version of the adult which lacks wings therefore they compete.