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Physiology 2 > The Heart and Circulatory System: Lecture 4 > Flashcards

The Heart and Circulatory System: Lecture 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 roles of the circulatory system?

A
  1. Transportation
    - Oxygen, Carbon dioxide
    - hormones
  2. Regulates temperature
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2
Q

What are the 3 things that the blood consists of?

A
  1. Plasma
  2. Buffy coat
  3. Red blood cells
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3
Q

What is the percentage of the plasma?

A

55%

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4
Q

What is the percentage of the buffy coat?

A

less than 1%

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5
Q

What is the percentage of the red blood cells?

A

45%

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6
Q

Where is the Hb found?

A

red blood cells

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7
Q

Where are the platelets and white blood cells found?

A

buffy coat

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8
Q

What are the 3 systems of the blood?

A
  • Venous system
  • Arterial system
  • Pulmonary system
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9
Q

What is the pressure in the pulmonary system?

A

low pressure

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10
Q

What is the pressure in the arterial system?

A

high pressure

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11
Q

What is the pressure in the venous system?

A

low pressure

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12
Q

True or False
The arteries carry oxygenated blood

A

True, except for pulmonary arteries

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13
Q

True or False
The veins carry deoxygenated blood

A

True, except pulmonary vein

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14
Q

Why does the arterial system have a higher pressure?

A

the blood leaving the left ventricle has to pump oxygenated blood everywhere

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15
Q

Why does the venous system have a lower pressure?

A
  • for clean gas exchange (at the capillaries)
  • valves help get the blood back to the heart
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16
Q

What is the heart?

17
Q

What is the interventinular septum?

18
Q

Blood moves down pressure gradients, meaning the volume will do what when it contracts?

A

get smaller, Boyle law

19
Q

True or False
Valves open passively

20
Q

Which kinds of values are classified as AV valves?

A

valves that separate the atrium and the ventricles

21
Q

Which kinds of values are classified as semilunar valves?

A

separates ventricles from arteries

22
Q

Why are the right AV valves different from the left AV valves?

A
  • The right AV valve is tricuspid
  • The left AV valve is bicuspid
23
Q

Why are the left ventricular pressures 4 times bigger than the right?

A

because it pumps blood to the body

24
Q

True or False
The more cusps the weaker the valve

25
Q

Which of the AV valves is stronger?

26
Q

What is unique to cardiac muscle tissue?

A

intercalated discs

27
Q

What do intercalated discs allow for?

A

a wave of depolarization throughout the cardiac tissue to allow for coordinated contractions

28
Q

How is the cardiac tissue stimulated?

A

via PNS and SNS

29
Q

What does the PNS do for the heart and how?

A

slows the heart rate down via the vagus nerve

30
Q

What is our intrinsic heartbeat on average?

A

100 beats per minute

31
Q

What does the SNS do for the heart and how?

A

speeds heart rate up and can take over

Physiology 2 (12 decks)

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