The Heart Flashcards
What type of blood does the right side pump to lungs?
Deoxygenated blood
What does the left side of the heart pump what type of blood to the whole body?
Oxygenated blood
What does the pulmonary artery do?
Carry deoxygenated blood to lung
What does the vena cava do?
Return deoxygenated blood to the heart from body
What does the aorta do?
Biggest artery
Carry oxygenated blood to the body
What does the pulmonary vein do?
Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs
What is this?
Aorta
What is this?
Pulmonary Vein
What is this?
Left artium
What is this?
Semilunar valve
What is this?
Left atrioventricular valve
What is this?
Left ventricle
What is this?
Right ventricle
What is this?
Right atrioventricular valve
What is this?
Semilunar valve
What is this?
Right atrium
What is these?
(TOP) Superior vena cava
(BOTTOM) inferior vena cava
What is this?
Pulmonary artery
Why is the left ventricle of the heart have thicker more muscular walls than the right ventricle?
Needs to contract powerfully to pump blood all way around the body
right only needs to get to the blood to lungs which are nearby
Why do ventricles have thicker walls than the artia?
They need to push blood out of the heart
atria need to push blood a short distance into the ventricles
Why is the atrioventricular (AV) valve links to atria to ventricles important?
Stop blood flowing back to atria when ventricles contract
Why is the semi-lunar valves (SL) link to ventricles to pulmonary artery and aorta important?
Stop the blood flowing back into the heart after the ventricles contract
Why is the cords attach to the atrioventricular valves to the ventricles important?
Stop them being forced up into the atria when the ventricles contract
How do the valves work?
Only open one way
whether it is closed or open depends on the relative pressure of the heart chambers
If there’s a higher pressure behind a valve its forced out but if pressure is higher in front of valve it is forced shut
Blood only flows in one direction trough the heart
What is the cardiac cycle?
Ongoing sequence of contraction and relaxation of atria and ventricles that keeps the blood contionously circulating round the body
volume of atria and ventricle changes as contract and relax
pressure changes due to changes of chamber volume
What happens at 1?
Pressure in the left ventricle is higher than the left atrium
because left ventricle is contrating
AV valve (atrioventricular valve) closes
What happens at 2?
Higher pressure in left ventricle than aorta
-SL (semilunar valve) opens
What happens at 3?
Higher pressure in aorta than left ventricle
SL (semilunar valve) closes
What happens at 4?
Pressure higher in left atrium than left ventricle
left atrium is contracting
Between what times are the AV valves are shut?
0.2 to 0.4 seconds
(AV valves are shut when pressure is higher in ventricles than in the atria)
Between what times are the ventricles relax?
0.3-0.4 seconds
Ventricles relax volume of chamber increases and pressure falls
As decrease from 16.5 kPa to 7.0
Calculate the percentage increase between 0.0 and 0.3 S
16.5 - 0.5 =16
16/0.5 *100 = 3200%
