The growth in sectional tensions- part one Flashcards
What were the differences between north and south by 1850?
- Slavery had expanded in the south and virtually ended in the north. 2. Capital invested in slaves in the south had no parallel in the north. 3. North was more industrialized.
What were three similarities between north and south by 1850?
- Most states had only 1 town of 20,000+ inhabitants. 2. 65% of farmers in both areas owned their farms. 3. Both were keen to expand westward.
Give two statistics to show northern economic development
1/2 of all shoes came from Massachusetts, 1/3 of all steel came from Pennsylvania.
Give some statistics on slave owning in the south
19/100 adults owned slaves, Deep South had 2.31million slaves to 2.60million whites and in South Carolina, slaves outnumbered whites.
What was southern ideology?
Ingrained racism, white supremacy, slaves seen as property and the basis for economic life. Common interracial relationships, local and central government manipulated to establish social control over slaves. Preachers and politicians argued for the moral rightness of the system.
What was agreed under 1820’s Missouri compromise?
- Missouri joins as a slave state. 2. Maine joins as a free state. 3. Country divided along the 36’30 line with slavery only permitted below it.
Give four issues raised by the compromise
- Opening up of slavery below the line threatened the rights of free settlers to move south west. 2. Restriction on slavery insulted the south. 3. Talmadge- congress should end slavery in all new territories as it had done with the northwest ordinance. 4. Pickney- congress has no power to exclude slavery.
What is sectionalism?
Different geographical areas come to see themselves as distinct in outlook and interests and see the other area as inferior and dangerous.
Why did sectionalism develop?
Two sides had different histories, religions, economies, geography, used slaves differently and had been settled at different times.
What happened in 1828 and 1832?
Disagreements over federal tariffs of 25% which were seen to favor the north, South Carolina threatened to secede and they were lowered to 15%.
How did abolitionism grow in the north?
1831- William Lloyd garrison’s liberator newspaper. 1833- American anti slavery society. 1840- friends of universal reform, supported abolition and women’s rights, they held meetings, raised funds and spread publicity.
What was the Underground Railroad?
Network of anti slavery activists who helped slaves escape to free territory or Canada, helped over 80,000 escape the south.
What was uncle tom’s cabin?
1852, Harriet Beecher Stowe novel which showed the true reality of slavery.
How did abolitionism effect the south?
Unpopular, slave revolts were blamed on abolitionist propaganda. Slavery moved from being a convenient form of labor to a peculiar institution which was a unique and integral part of southern life.
How was southern slavery different from slavery in other countries?
- Means of control supported by state governments were more effective, slave codes gave the full force of the law to slavers. 2. Defenders made extravagant claims for the moral and religious benefits of slavery.
