The Greenhouse Effect (lesson 4) Flashcards

1
Q

The Energy of the Sun is important for life on
Earth – how/why is the energy important?

A

light for photosynthesis and plant growth

visibility and light

thermal energy and heat)

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2
Q

When light/radiation comes into contact with an
object it may be:

A

transmitted

absorbed

reflected

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3
Q

Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

A

absorb infrared
radiation that is re-emitted by the surface of the
Earth.

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4
Q

The trapped IR radiation is radiated in

A

all directions.
(Eventually it escapes to outer space)

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5
Q

The Greenhouse Effect works like a

A

“Blanket” effect
The warming of the surface resulting from the
presence of an atmosphere

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6
Q

Greenhouse Effect –

A

the energy-trapping process which keeps
global temperatures at a level to sustain
life.

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7
Q

Examples of greenhouse gases

A

CO2

H20

CH4

N2O

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8
Q

Visible light passes through the atmosphere, 70% of the

A
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9
Q

Anthropogenic –

A

resulting from a human influence
Human contributions to the Greenhouse Effect
through premature release of greenhouse gases

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10
Q

Examples of Anthropogenic

A

-deforestation
-CFC
-Oil and patrol engines
-burning fossil fuels

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11
Q

Gases that are found in the atmosphere in very
low concentrations and cause the greenhouse
effect

A

Examples:

Carbon Dioxide

Water Vapour

Methane
Ozone

Nitrous Oxide (dinitrogen monoxide)

CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons)

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12
Q

CARBON SINK:

A

Natural or artificial reservoir that accumulates and stores
carbon-containing chemical compounds for an indefinite
period.

Ex- trees, the ocean

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13
Q

CARBON SOURCE:

A

Releases carbon dioxide into the environment

Ex- Burning fossil fuels (Transportation, Heating, etc.),
Deforestation

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14
Q

Carbon dioxide causes

A

Just 0.04% of earth’s atmosphere

causes 25% of natural greenhouse effect

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15
Q

Natural Sources of CO2:

A

volcanic activity

burning organic matter (forest fires)

cellular respiration

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16
Q

Anthropogenic Sources of CO2:

A

Burning fossil fuels (Transportation, Heating, etc.)

Deforestation

17
Q

Water vapour causes

A

4% of Earth’s atmosphere

causes 67% of natural greenhouse effect

18
Q

Natural Sources of Water Vapour:

A

Remember the water cycle!

Clouds

Dissolved water (humidity)

19
Q

Anthropogenic Sources of Water Vapour:

A

Product of combustion of hydrocarbons.

Irrigation/farming

20
Q

Methane how many times

A

0.0002% of Earth’s atmosphere

23 times more powerful as a greenhouse gas than
carbon dioxide

21
Q

Natural Sources of Methane:

A

plant decomposition in swamps

animal digestion

22
Q

Anthropogenic Sources of Methane:

A

Farming

Petroleum industry

23
Q

Ozone
Located in the upper atmosphere:

A

High concentrations protect Earth’s surface from
UV radiation from the sun.

24
Q

At ground level…

A

Acts as greenhouse gas

A component of smog (TOXIC)

Concentrations are hard to
estimate as they change rapidly

25
what is the greenhouse effect and what are the sources of the natural and anthropogenic sources of the greenhouse effect?
NEE D TO KNOW THIS. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere absorb infrared radiation that is re-emitted by the surface of the Earth. The trapped IR radiation is radiated in all directions. (Eventually it escapes to outer space) the energy-trapping process which keeps global temperatures at a level to sustain life. These heat-trapping gases can be thought of as a blanket wrapped around Earth, keeping the planet toastier than it would be without them. Natural sources of greenhouse gases is cellular respiration, irrigation/farming, and water cycle. Anthropogenic sources are CFCs, fossil fuel burning, and deforestation.
26
Nitrous oxide times more effective
0.00003 % of Earth’s atmosphere 300 times more effective than carbon dioxide as a greenhouse gas
27
Natural Sources of Nitrous Oxide:
Produced by bacteria
28
Anthropogenic sources of Nitrous Oxide:
Livestock waste (urine, feces, carcasses) Nitrogen fertilizers Industrial processes