Earth’s Energy Balance (slide 3)

Question 1

Radiation

Answer 1

is when energy travels as waves

Ex- Ultraviolet (U.V.) radiation from the sun

Question 2

Conduction

Answer 2

is when energy is transferred through contact

Ex- The handle of a metal pan getting hot when it is heated

Question 3

Convection

Answer 3

is when energy is transferred because of

differences in temperatures in a liquid or gas

Ex- ocean currents, or warm air rising and cool air falling

Question 4

Earth maintains a relatively constant global temperature-

Answer 4

a unique quality that
allows it to be able to maintain life

Question 5

Planets such as Mercury can be heated up 450 degrees Celsius from the Sun

Why doesn’t Earth get scorching hot?

Answer 5

earth has an atmosphere and it is further away from the sun

Question 6

incoming solar energy

Answer 6

100%

Question 7

reflected by atmosphere

Answer 7

6%

Question 8

refleceted by clouds

Answer 8

20%

Question 9

reflected by earth’s surface

Answer 9

4%

Question 10

absorbed by atmosphere and clouds

Answer 10

19%

Question 11

absorbed by land and oceon

Answer 11

51%

Question 12

reflected back into space

Answer 12

30%

Question 13

energy is absorbed onto Earth

Answer 13

70%

Question 14

If there is an energy balance then that would mean:

Answer 14

the amount of energy absorbed = the amount of energy released

Question 15

The absorbed 70% of
energy is actually
converted

Answer 15

to heat

Question 16

The oceans and land begin
to radiate that heat

Answer 16

back
out into the atmosphere
and eventually back to
space

Question 17

Energy absorbed by living
things will also radiate
thermal energy

Answer 17

back into
space

Question 18

Other planets like Mercury do not have an atmosphere therefore it is unable to

Answer 18

reflect light (450 degrees C)
during the day and retain heat during the night (-170 degrees C)

Question 19

It is important for the energy to be converted to thermal energy because

Answer 19

it allows Earth to stay warm

Question 20

It is important for the energy to be immediately reflected back into space and have the thermal energy
slowly radiate back into space so

Answer 20

Earth does not reach scorching hot temperatures

Question 21

Earth’s ability to sustain life is because its

Answer 21

climate system

Question 22

Earth’s climate system is composed of the

Answer 22

atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere,
and living things (sometimes biosphere)

Question 23

Atmosphere

Answer 23

The atmosphere is made of layers of gases surrounding Earth

Question 24

Hydrosphere

Answer 24

The hydroshere includes liquide water in lakes and oceons, water vapour in the atmosphere and ice in glaciers and at the poles.

Question 25

Lithosphere

Answer 25

The lithosphere is Earth's rock crust including land surfaces

Question 26

living things

Answer 26

all living things on Earth are part of the climate.

Question 27

There are many gases that make up the atmosphere; the major ones that we breathe are:

Answer 27

nitrogen (78%), oxygen (21%), combination of argon and carbon dioxide (1%), and traces of helium, hydrogen, ozone, and water vapour

Question 28

The atmosphere is important because it reflect energy from the Sun to keep the earth cool during the

Answer 28

day and keep the dangerous radiation away from living things

Question 29

It also absorbs and radiates thermal energy (traps heat on Earth)

Answer 29

to keep the planet warm during the night

Question 30

Ozone is a

Answer 30

naturally occurring gas in our atmosphere

Question 31

Ozone in the stratosphere is responsible for

Answer 31

absorbing/reflecting harmful UV radiation and reflecting it away from Earth.

Question 32

Issue: CFC’s are manufactured very stable compounds used in

Answer 32

pressurized sprays and refrigerators When CFC’s are released into the atmosphere they deplete the ozone in the stratosphere, which allows more UV radiation to reach living organisms

Question 33

The hydrosphere is composed of

Answer 33

all water, water vapour, and ice on Earth

Question 34

The hydrosphere plays a major role in Earth’s climate system

Answer 34

(over 70% of Earth is comprised of water)

Question 35

Liquid water and ice reflects

Answer 35

energy

Question 36

Liquid water and water vapour absorb energy

Answer 36

and radiate it as thermal energy (keeps Earth warm

Question 37

Hydrosphere and Ice Sheets Global warming caused by accumulating levels of greenhouse gases are

Answer 37

melting ice throughout the world

Question 38

Increased levels of melting ice will cause

Answer 38

rising sea levels and a variety of other issues.

Question 39

The lithosphere is composed of

Answer 39

the earth’s crust

Question 40

The lithosphere reflects

Answer 40

some energy

Question 41

The lithosphere absorbs energy and

Answer 41

radiates it as thermal energy

Question 42

Lithosphere and Rising Sea Levels Issue: The amount of liveable space is dictated by the amount of water around us

Answer 42

(we are unable to live on water)

Question 43

If we do not have enough land to sustain our population we will be unable

Answer 43

to maintain the current population

Question 44

As sea levels rise, coastal communities will be

Answer 44

flooded

Question 45

Biosphere- Living Things Living things are composed of the organisms

Answer 45

that live on Earth

Question 46

Living organisms generally absorb energy from the Sun

Answer 46

and radiate thermal (heat) energy

Question 47

Plants can absorb CO2 and release

Answer 47

O2 into the atmosphere (removing GHG 🡪 cools Earth)

Question 48

Animals release CO2 and CH4 into the atmosphere

Answer 48

(adds GHG 🡪 warms Earth)

Question 49

Greenhouse gases (GHG) accumulate in the atmosphere to warm Earth Issue: More agriculture and farms and a higher population of living animals can lead to

Answer 49

more GHG’s and global warming

Question 50

More clear-cutting of trees leads to less removal of

Answer 50

GHG’s and global warming