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The Great War (WWI) Flashcards

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1
Q

How many nations in the war?

A

32

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2
Q

What were the causes of the Great War?

A
  1. Rise of nationalism (deep devotion to one’s country)-created desire for self rule
  2. Imperialism: (colonial conquest) created rivalries between nations for power
  3. Militarism: (glorification of war) created an “arms race” or a military build up of forces and weapons
  4. The alliance system: (military allies) created a world conflict out of a minor incident
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3
Q

Purpose of the alliance system?

A

Create a “balance of power” throughout Europe, believed to help prevent wars, failed badly

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4
Q

Who created the alliance system?

A

Otto von Bismarck of (Germany)

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5
Q

Major alliances?

A

Triple alliance- Germany, Austria-Hungry and Italy

Triple Entente- Great Britain, France and Russia

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6
Q

What was known as the “powder keg” ready to explode?

A

The Balkan Peninsula- made of mostly Slavic peoples who wanted their independence

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7
Q

Who had controlled the Balkan Peninsula for centuries?

A

The Ottoman Turks

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8
Q

Who drove out the Ottoman Turks from the Balkan Peninsula?

A

Austria-Hungarian Empire, who promised freedom but did not deliver

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9
Q

A nationalist movement was created to bring independence to the region, called?

A

Pan-Savism- goal was to create a Slavic state (country) called Yugoslavia

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10
Q

What tiny country led out in the Pan-Savism movement?

A

Serbia

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11
Q

What was the incident that caused the War?

A

The archduke of Austria-Hungry, Franz Ferdinand, and his wife were assassinated by a Serbian terrorist

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12
Q

Serbian assassin that killed the archduke?

A

Gavrilo Princep

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13
Q

Why did Serbia refuse Austria-Hungary’s ultimatum?

A

They had a powerful ally- RUSSIA, the alliance system kicks in and a minor incident becomes the GREAT WAR

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14
Q

Mobilization:

A

Countries begin to prepare for war

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15
Q

Propaganda:

A

Information used to influence opinion

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16
Q

How was propaganda used in the Great War?

A
  1. Recruitment of men
  2. Promote patriotism at home
  3. Make enemy look evil
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17
Q

The belligerents (warring sides) ?

A
  1. Central Powers (center of Europe)- Germany, Austrian-Hungary, and the Ottoman Turks -major players
  2. Allied powers- Russia, France, Great Britain and later the USA
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18
Q

Schlieffen Plan: who? What?

A

(Alfred Von Schlieffen) German plan to attack through neutral Belgium

19
Q

First battle of war:

A

Battle of Marne- German attempt to capture Paris- Failed

20
Q

Major fronts of war?

A

Western and Eastern Front

21
Q

What kind of warfare

A

Trench warfare

22
Q

“No mans land”

A

Area between trenches “terrain of death”

23
Q

War become Bloody Stalemate what does that mean?

A

Neither side could win, young men were slaughtered

24
Q

Why so many casualties?

A

Industrial revolution created modern deadly weapons

25
Q

What modern weapons were used?

A
  1. Machine gun
  2. Artillery
  3. Poison gas- mustard gas
  4. Tanks
  5. Flame throwers
  6. Zeppelins “blimps”
  7. Airplanes
  8. Submarines
26
Q

What was a “flying ace”

A

5 or more kills in the air

27
Q

Who was the greatest of the aces?

A

Manfred von Richthofen- Red Baron- 80 kills!

28
Q

Who was the top American Ace from Columbus Ohio?

A

Eddie Rickenbacker 26 kills

29
Q

What was the Gallipoli campaign?

A

Plan to attack in the east, Ottoman Empire- disaster for British- to rescue Russia

30
Q

Why did British want to help Russia?

A

To keep war on both Eastern and Western front

31
Q

USA policy of isolationism

A

Remains neutral, out of war

32
Q

Events the brought USA into war:

A
  1. Sinking of the Lusitania
  2. Unrestricted submarine warfare by Germany
  3. Zimmerman Telegram
33
Q

Why did Woodrow Wilson declare war? He said

A

Make the world “safe for democracy”

34
Q

When did the US join with the allied powers?

A

1917

35
Q

American impacts on the war:

A
  1. Boosted morale of allied powers
  2. Fresh manpower (troops)
  3. Supplies and equipment
36
Q

Who was in charge of the American Expeditionary force? (US Army)

A

Gen John Pershing

37
Q

“Operation Micheal”

A

German plan to defeat allied powers before US can make a difference, almost works too

38
Q

What changed the tide of the war in 1918?

A

American troops poured into Europe

39
Q

What flu outbreak killas 50 to 100 million?

A

Spanish Influenza

40
Q

Big four (country leaders of allied powers)

A

Great Britain- David Lloyd George
France- Georges Clemencean
USA- Woodrow Wilson
Italy-Vittorio Orlando

41
Q

Wilson’s fourteen points purposes

A
  1. Address the causes of the war

2. Solutions for world peace

42
Q

Treaty of Versailles

A
  1. Germany had to accept fault for war
  2. Germany had to pay for reparations of war
  3. Germany lost all colonies and some German Territories
  4. Forced to greatly reduce its military
43
Q

Results of WWI

A
  1. Death toll: 20 million died “lost Generation”
  2. Bolshevik/ communist revolution
  3. Map of Europe changes- 9new countries
  4. USA becomes a world power
  5. WWII cause by bitterness of the Germans!

Us History (5 decks)

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