Cold War

Question 1

What did Berlin Wall do?

Answer 1

Separated west and east Germany

Question 2

Why did the Berlin Wall need to be so heavily guarded?

Answer 2

Living conditions in East Berlin/Germany was bad!

Question 3

What did the Berliners in the East try to do?

Answer 3

Escape/flee to the West and cross the boarder, where most of the, were killed

Question 4

Who built the wall to separate the two areas?

Answer 4

Soviet Union, over night!!

Question 5

How long was the wall?

Answer 5

87,000 miles

Question 6

What happened in Cuba in in 1959?

Answer 6

Fidel Castro led communist takeover- 90 miles from USA

Question 7

What was the bay of pigs?

Answer 7

JFK gave approval to overthrow communist government in Cuba, by training Cuban Exiles to invade Cuba

Question 8

Did the bay of pigs work?

Answer 8

No, it FAILED

Question 9

Who protected Cuba? And How?

Answer 9

Soviet Union- by placing nuclear missiles in Cuba pointed towards USA

Question 10

Only casualty in Cuban missile crisis?

Answer 10

Rudolf Anderson- reconnaissance pilot shot down

Question 11

JFK assassination

Answer 11

By Lee Harvey Oswald- had lived in USSR

Conspiracies that Russians killed him & that white supremacists killed him!

Question 12

Warren investigation

Answer 12

concluded that it was only the one man

Question 13

Chinese Civil War

Answer 13

After Qing dynasty there was not imperialistic government

Prior to WWII

Communist Vs. Democrat

Question 14

Why was Chinese civil war out on hold?

Answer 14

To fight common enemy- Japan

Question 15

Chinese Nationalists (democratic)

Answer 15

Led by- Chiang Kai-Shek

Question 16

Chinese communists

Answer 16

Led by- Mao Zedong

Had better trained troops

Had support of peasants who were promised free land

Question 17

Who won Chinese civil war?

Answer 17

Communists

Question 18

What happened to Chinese nationalistic forces?

Answer 18

Forced to flee

Island of Formosa- Taiwan “free China”

Question 19

“The Great Leap Forward”

Answer 19

Attempt to move China from agrarian to industrial society

Mao seized all land from landlords and divided it among the peasants

Goals to industrialize country and increase production

Question 20

What happened in the Chinese Great Leap Forward

Answer 20

Started state controlled collective farms and factories called communes (25,000)

State controlled industries- produce steel

Failed due to famines- killing estimated 35 to 45 million people

Question 21

The cultural revolution

Answer 21

Goal to establish society of peasants and workers that were equal

Question 22

Cultural revolution to purge country of “four olds”-

Answer 22

1. Old ideas
2. Old culture
3. Old customs
4. Old habits

Question 23

Cultural revolution attack on which groups?

Answer 23

1. Intellectuals (educated)
2. Industrialists- capitalists
3. Western Religion- Christian/missionaries
   * persecuted, imprisoned and executed

Question 24

Red guards-

Answer 24

Former high school and college students who formed military units to enforce revolution

Got carried away! Killed 2 to 5 million!

Question 25

Tiananmen Square protests

Answer 25

Were student-led demonstrations held in Tianmen Square in Beijing, demanding democratic government-

This was CRUSHED

Question 26

Korean War

Answer 26

“Forgotten war”

After WWII Korea separated into north and south- communist vs democratic

Divided by 38th parallel

Question 27

North Korea in Korean War

Answer 27

Soviet Union occupied, communist

Question 28

South Korean in Korean War

Answer 28

Occupied by USA, democratic

Question 29

Vietcong

Answer 29

(Communist guerilla) group to infiltrate the South and create opposition to Diem- backed by peasants

Question 30

President Kennedy sends in-

Answer 30

Military advisors and Green Berets to help the south train army

Question 31

Diem is-

Answer 31

Killed by US backed military coup

Question 32

Gulf of Tonkin incident-

Answer 32

2 US naval ships fired upon!

Question 33

2nd indochina war-

Answer 33

American Vietnam war begins for USA

By 1966 half a million US troops fighting in Vietnam

Question 34

TET Offensive-

Answer 34

massive communist offensive launched! War reaches its peak

Question 35

US Army faced two major problems:

Answer 35

1. Fighting a guerrilla war in unfamiliar territory

2. South Vietnamese Government was very unpopular- created peasant opposition!

Question 36

“Search and destroy”

Answer 36

Major US tactics to win war

Question 37

US problems in Vietnam: couldn’t fight enemy-

Answer 37

Didn’t fight conventionally

Underground tunnels

Question 38

Stymied on the ground the US turned to-

Answer 38

Air power (bombing)

Question 39

Operation rolling thunder

Answer 39

Napalm and agent orange used! Explosives

Question 40

Result of operation rolling thunder-

Answer 40

Civilian deaths and great opposition

Question 41

My Lai massacre-

Answer 41

500 civilians massacred by US troops! Created opposition in USA!!

Question 42

Counterculture

Answer 42

Flower children, youth driven, hippies, “make love not war”

Anti war movement, mainly college students

Question 43

“Draft dodgers”

Answer 43

People who avoided the army/draft- went to Canada

Question 44

Sides of Vietnam support

Answer 44

Doves (anti-war) and hawks (pro-war)

Question 45

Pres Nixon forced to-

Answer 45

Find a new plan, pull out US troops-

replaced by Vietnamese troops-

Who fell easily

Question 46

Kent state protests

Answer 46

4 college students killed

Question 47

Paris accords

Answer 47

All US troops pulled out of Vietnam, and south Vietnam would keep independence

Question 48

Results of Vietnam:

Answer 48

58,000 US troops died!

About 1.4 Vietnamese troops died!

Only war in US history that we lost!

Question 49

Cambodia-

Answer 49

Taken over by communists (Khmer Rouge) led by Pol Pot

Killed over 1.5 million people!