The Great War

Question 1

What are the four M.A.I.N. causes of World War I?

Answer 1

Militarism, Alliance System, Imperialism, and Nationalism

Question 2

What is militarism?

Answer 2

Countries’ focus on having giant, powerful militaries

Question 3

How did the fighting in WWI differ from previous wars in Europe?

Answer 3

Militaries are MUCH larger
Weapons were far more advanced due to industrialization
Civilians were targeted (total war)

Question 4

What were the complex web of alliances in Europe supposed to stop?

Answer 4

European wars that had been happening every few years

Question 5

Which countries were in the Triple Alliance/Central Powers?

Answer 5

Germany and Austria-Hungary

Question 6

Which countries were in the Triple Entente/Allied Powers?

Answer 6

France, Russia, England, US

Question 7

How did imperialism contribute to the start of WWI?

Answer 7

Germany wanted to get colonies, and England and France wanted to keep theirs. The winner would get control of all of them

Question 8

Which country had recently formed, and upset the balance of European power?

Answer 8

Germany

Question 9

What is nationalism?

Answer 9

Intense pride in your country

Question 10

How did nationalism contribute to the start of WWI? (two ways)

Answer 10

Made countries feel superior and were sure they would win a war
Franz Ferdinand was assassinated in an attempt to free Bosnia from Austria-Hungary

Question 11

What was the name of the terrorist organization that killed Franz Ferdinand?

Answer 11

The Black Hand

Question 12

Why did Gavrilo Princip assassinate Ferdinand?

Answer 12

He was trying to free Bosnia from Austria-Hungary, and thought they would join with his native Serbia

Question 13

How did Austria-Hungary respond to the killing of their prince?

Answer 13

They threatened Serbia, and then invaded them

Question 14

Which were the first two countries to go to war?

Answer 14

Austria-Hungary and Serbia

Question 15

When does WWI officially start?

Answer 15

July 28, 1914

Question 16

Describe the basic plan for the Schlieffen Plan?

Answer 16

Germany would focus on beating France first, and then focus on Russia afterwards

Question 17

What is the goal of the plan?

Answer 17

For Germany to avoid a 2-front war

Question 18

Why did England join the war?

Answer 18

Because Germany had invaded Belgium, who was a neutral country

Question 19

How close did the Germans come to winning the war in the first month of the war?

Answer 19

30 miles

Question 20

How many miles of trenches were dug in WWI, and where were they?

Answer 20

25,000 miles, ran along the French border from Switzerland to the English Channel

Question 21

Which front is known for its extensive system of trenches?

Answer 21

The Western Front

Question 22

Were the new weapons of war more defensive or offensive?

Answer 22

Defensive

Question 23

Why were machine guns important?

Answer 23

They were so good at defending, they forced soldiers to dig trenches to keep from getting shot.
THIS IS WHAT CREATED STALEMATE AND TRENCH WARFARE

Question 24

What is artillery?

Answer 24

Large caliber, long range gun. Similar to cannons, but much more advanced

Question 25

What was the purpose of artillery?

Answer 25

To destroy trenches and kill the people in them

Question 26

What was the original purpose for tanks?

Answer 26

To transport troops across no man’s land without getting shot

Question 27

What problems did the first generation of tanks had that stopped them from being effective in WWI?

Answer 27

Lacked guns, armor and speed

Question 28

What was the purpose of airplanes originally in the war?

Answer 28

To gather information about the enemy (reconnaissance)

Question 29

What is a zeppelin, and what was it used for?

Answer 29

A hydrogen filled blimp that was used to bomb London and for reconnaissance

Question 30

What city saw the first use of poison gas?

Answer 30

Ypres, Belgium

Question 31

How does chlorine gas work?

Answer 31

Creates hydrochloric acid when it contacts any moisture, such as in the eyes, mouth and lungs

Question 32

Which gas killed the most people in the war?

Answer 32

Phosgene

Question 33

How did Mustard Gas work?

Answer 33

Creates large blisters when it contacts any moist skin

Question 34

What are U-Boats?

Answer 34

German submarines

Question 35

What did Germany use submarines for?

Answer 35

Sinking supply ships

Question 36

What are ways that you could be killed in a trench? (5)

Answer 36

Sniper fire, machine guns, artillery attacks, cave-ins, poison gas, disease, shell shock

Question 37

Where were the trenches?

Answer 37

Western Front

Question 38

What is no man’s land?

Answer 38

The land between the trenches

Question 39

What is Trench foot?

Answer 39

A disease that happens when feet are too moist and get infected and rot

Question 40

Who fought on the Western Front?

Answer 40

France, England, the US vs. Germany

Question 41

Who fought on the Eastern Front?

Answer 41

Germany, Austria-Hungary vs. Russia

Question 42

Why did the Russians make such big gains originally?

Answer 42

The Russians arrived earlier than the Germans expected, and caught the Germans by surprise. The German army was still in France when Russia invaded

Question 43

Who pushed the Russians to enter before they were ready? Why?

Answer 43

England and France, because they needed Russia to put Germany into a 2-front war

Question 44

What was the biggest problem with the Russian war effort?

Answer 44

They were constantly undersupplied

Question 45

What reasons were there for the Russian soldiers to be undersupplied?

Answer 45

Russia hadn’t industrialized, and they weren’t able to have the allies ship them goods and weapons

Question 46

What was Russia’s main contribution to World War I, strategically?

Answer 46

They were a distraction to Germany and forced them into a 2-front war

Question 47

Why did Russian’s revolt halfway into the war?

Answer 47

Because Russia was doing so badly in the war

Question 48

What did the new Russian government have to do in order to quit the war?

Answer 48

Give Germany land

Question 49

How did unrestricted submarine warfare help to draw the US into the war?

Answer 49

Germans changed from targeting supply ships, to targeting passenger ships and trying to kill civilians, which turned Americans against them

Question 50

How did our loan amounts to Germany and the Allies help to draw the US into the war?

Answer 50

We loaned a lot more money to the Allies, that if they didn’t win and those banks would lose out on all that money

Question 51

What was the Zimmerman Telegraph?

Answer 51

A letter to Mexico, from Germany, trying to get them to attack us as a distraction. It was the final straw and it is what got us official to join the war

Question 52

What year did the US enter the war?

Answer 52

1917

Question 53

What happened to the Germans when the Americans entered the war?

Answer 53

The Germans lose quickly

Question 54

When did the war officially end?

Answer 54

11:00, November 11, 1918

Question 55

How many troops died overall? Which side had more killed?

Answer 55

8.5 million, the Allies

Question 56

Besides the death rate, what are two other effects of WWI?

Answer 56

Spanish Flu, Europe was mostly destroyed, European governments were broke, the end of all the old monarchies of Europe

Question 57

What treaty brought the war to a close?

Answer 57

Treaty of Versailles

Question 58

How did the European countries want to treat the Germans after the war?

Answer 58

They wanted to destroy and punish Germany so they wouldn’t ever be a threat to peace again

Question 59

How did Woodrow Wilson want to treat the Germans after the war ?

Answer 59

He wanted to treat them fairly

Question 60

What happened to Germany’s colonies?

Answer 60

They were taken by the Allies

Question 61

What happened to the German military?

Answer 61

It was reduced to 100,000 troops with no air force, navy or tanks

Question 62

What was the War Guilt Clause and why was it so important?

Answer 62

It made Germany admit they were fully responsible for WWI, and therefore had to pay to fix everything

Question 63

How much was the German government supposed to repay after the war?

Answer 63

$64 Billion

Question 64

What were three major problems with the League of Nations?

Answer 64

Needed a unanimous decision to do anything, Russia and Germany weren’t allowed in, and the United States didn’t join

Question 65

Why did the US vote against joining the League of Nations?

Answer 65

We didn’t want to be in another alliance because we were becoming very isolationist again

Question 66

Why did the League of Nations collapse without the support of the US?

Answer 66

It had no money or military

Question 67

Franz Ferdinand

Answer 67

Archduke

Question 68

Gavrilo Princip

Answer 68

Man who assassinated Ferdinand

Question 69

George Clemenceau

Answer 69

Big four, France

Question 70

Vittorio Orlando

Answer 70

Big Four, Italy

Question 71

Woodrow Wilson

Answer 71

Big four, US

Question 72

David Lloyd George

Answer 72

Big Four, England