The Great Vessels Flashcards
what are the three layers of the arteries?
tunica intima
tunica media
tunica adventitia
what is the vasa vasorum?
tiny vessels that supply blood to the arterial walls
what is the tunica intima?
the innermost layer of the arteries - made of endolithium
what is the tunica media?
the middle layer of the arteries
- made of smooth muscle tissue
what is the tunica anventitia?
the outermost layer of the arteries
- made of connective tissue
how are arteries created?
through splitting
arteries move blood _________ heart, and carry ___________
away from the heart and carry oxygenated blood
the _______ is the largest artery in the body
aorta
arteries withstand ___________ on walls than compared to veins
arteries withstand greater pressure
the aorta originates off the _______ of the heart
left ventricle
what are the sections of the aorta?
ascending, aortic arch, descending, thoracic, abdominal
where does the aorta end, and what does it split into? 1
ends at the level of the umbilicus, splits into the right and left common iliacs
what is bifurcation?
the division/splitting
what is the order of bifurcations as you go down the abdominal aorta?
1) The celiac trunk - 3 parts - hepatic artery, splenic artery, left gastric artery
2) SMA
3) renal arteries
4) IMA
5) iliac vessels
what vessels are part of the celiac trunk?
hepatic artery
splenic artery
left gastric artery
the SMA is located directly below the Renal arteries. T/F
false - the SMA bifurcates before the renal arteries
the SMA is NOT part of the celiac trunk. T/F
true
what happens to the diameter of the arteries as you move further from the heart?
the diameter decreases
muscular walls are found which type of vessel?
both - arteries are thicker
what are the 3 types of arterie?
elastic
muscular
arteriole
what are elastic arteries?
large and close to heart made of elastic fibres
what are muscular arteries?
smaller in diameter
less elastic
more smooth muscle
what are arterioles?
very small arteries that control the amount of blood flow and pressure
______ carry blood towards the heart
veins
deoxygenated blood is carried in the ______
veins
the veins hold ______% of blood volume
60
this type of vessel has thicker walls, smaller lumen and consists of a round shape, what is it?
arteries
what is lumen?
the open area of the vessel - where the blood is
arteries and veins have the same vascular wall composition. T/F
true - veins just have thinner walls
this type of vessel has thinner walls, larger lumen and consists of a variable/flattened shape, what is it?
veins
what type of vessel has valves?
veins
veins are created by….
union
what is the largest vein?
inferior vena cava
where does the IVC terminate?
right atrium of the heart
the IVC is created by…
the union of the iliac vessels at the level of the umbilicus
the IVC is _______ of the midline
right
what are 3 major variants of the IVC
duplicated IVC
left IVC
Azygous continuation of the IVC
describe a duplicated IVC variant
- most common variant
- infrarenal portion with left channel entering the left renal vein
describe left IVC variant
- 2nd more common
- drains to the L renal vein
- suprarenal has normal anatomy
describe the azygous continuation of the IVC
- infrarenal IVC flows superiorly to into the hemiozygos or azygous veins
- IVC does not course through the liver
what is the normal pic of the position of the IVC and aorta?
red legs on top
blue arms on top
what type of vein supplies blood to the liver?
main portal veins
________ arises from the union of the SMV and the Splenic veins
portal veins
the portal and ______ veins come together under the pancreas
splenic
the portal confluence is what and where?
the coming together of the SMV and splenic vein - under the pancreas
