Adrenal Glands

Question 1

the adrenals are located in which cavity?

Answer 1

retroperitoneal

Question 2

what does it mean when we say the adrenals are SAM to the kidney?

Answer 2

superior
anterior
medial

Question 3

the adrenal glands are embedded in ______

Answer 3

fat

Question 4

what covers the adrenal glands

Answer 4

gerotas facia

Question 5

what is gerotas facia?

Answer 5

thin connective tissue (collagen) that surrounds your kidneys and adrenal glands.

Question 6

the right and left adrenals are exactly the same. T/F

Answer 6

false

Question 7

what are some shared characteristics between the R and L kidney?

Answer 7

both
- superior to kidney
- lateral to crus

Question 8

which adrenal is larger?

Answer 8

left
left- larger

Question 9

which adrenal is semi lunar?

Answer 9

left

Question 10

which adrenal is pyramid shaped

Answer 10

right

Question 11

which adrenal is lateral to the IVC?

Answer 11

right

Question 12

which adrenal is inferior to the diaphragm?

Answer 12

right

Question 13

which adrenal is posterior to the lesser sac and pac tail

Answer 13

left

Question 14

what are the features of the right adrenal?

Answer 14

• superior to kindey
• smaller
• lateral to IVC
• pyrimidal shape
• lateral to crus
• inferior to diaphragm

Question 15

what are the features of the left adrenal?

Answer 15

• superior to kidney
• larger
• lateral to crus
• semilunar
• posterior to lesser sac and pancreas tail

Question 16

what are the two parts of the adrenal?

Answer 16

cortex and medulla

Question 17

the cortex is the _______ and composes ____% of the adrenal

Answer 17

outer
90%
- three parts

Question 18

what are the three parts of the adrenal cortex?

Answer 18

zona:
glomerulosa - 15%
fasciculata - 75%
reticularis - 10%

Question 19

what is the medulla?

Answer 19

inner

Question 20

what cells are in the medulla?

Answer 20

pheochromocytes
fight or flight
- epinephrine and norepinephrin

Question 21

what is another name for epinephrine?

Answer 21

adrenalin

Question 22

where does the fight or flight response come from?

Answer 22

medulla of adrenals - epinephrine

Question 23

phenochromocytes are found where and do what?

Answer 23

medulla
fight or flight

Question 24

where is zona glomerulosa found?

Answer 24

cortex

Question 25

where is zona fasciculata found?

Answer 25

cortex

Question 26

where is zona reticularis found?

Answer 26

cortex

Question 27

what does the zona glomerulosa produce?

Answer 27

mineralocoticoids
- aldostrone

Question 28

what does the zona glomerulosa do?

Answer 28

works as part of the renin-angiotensin reaction to increase blood volume
inc sodium reabsorption
inc potassium secretion

Question 29

what is produced in the zona fascictulata?

Answer 29

glucocorticoids
steroids
cortisol levels increase when body subject to starvation, injury or truama

Question 30

what does the fasciculata influence?

Answer 30

glucose metabolism and inflammation
- stimulates glucose synthesis
- increased the availability of raw materials for glucose/ketone synthesis
- used to calm the body

Question 31

what is produced in the reticularis?

Answer 31

sex hormones
- androgens
- promotes male secondary sex characteristics

Question 32

adrenals are hard to visualize in the _____ body

Answer 32

adult
- hypoechoic
- see less than 3cm

Question 33

adrenals appear as ___in the adult body

Answer 33

hypoechoic - hard to see tho

Question 34

adrenals are well seen in

Answer 34

neonatals
hypoechoic cortex
hyperechoic medulla
larger than adult adrenal

Question 35

adrenal cortex appears in neonatals as…

Answer 35

hypoechoic

Question 36

adrenal medulla appears in neonatals as…

Answer 36

hyperechoic

Question 37

to see the right adrenal in adults you can …

Answer 37

use the liver as a window

Question 38

to see the left adrenal in adults you can …

Answer 38

use the spleen as a window