The Global Pattern And Economic Development

Question 1

What is urbanisation

Answer 1

• occurs when there is an increase in the proportion of a countries population that lives in towns and cities

Question 2

What are the two main causes of urbanisation

Answer 2

• natural population growth (more births than deaths)

- migration into urban areas

Question 3

What has happened on a global scale over the last 50 years

Answer 3

• rapid urbanisation
• 1960 34% lived in urban areas
• 2014 54%
• nearly half the worlds urban population live in small settlements

Question 4

What is a millionaire city and give an examples

Answer 4

• has a population of over 1 million

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Question 5

What is a megacity

Answer 5

• have a population of over 10 million

Question 6

What is a meta city

Answer 6

• has a population of over 20 million

Question 7

Which are the largest cities

Answer 7

• Tokyo
• New York
• Mumbai

Question 8

Which are the most urbanised continents

Answer 8

• Europe, North America, South America and Australia

Question 9

Definition of world city

Answer 9

• cities which have great influence on a global scale

- financial status and worldwide commercial power

Question 10

Which cities are the top of the global hierarchy

Answer 10

• New York, London and Tokyo

Question 11

What do these cities have

Answer 11

• headquarters of many TNCs
• centres of world finance
• are learning centres with network universities
• provide international consumer services

Question 12

How can world cities be characterised

Answer 12

• lost a lot iPod their routine, and have low-valued jobs
• high levels of synergy (linked) in their economic structure- benefit from working closely
• offer a wide range of jobs

Question 13

What are the four different hubs

Answer 13

• business, transport and trade
• production
• political
• migration

Question 14

What characteristics are in the hub of business transport and trade

Answer 14

• strong connections to the rest of the world via Internet
• dominate global trade and consumer activities with TNCs
• clear identifiers of personal wealth

Question 15

What are the characteristics of the production hub

Answer 15

• most of the actual manufacturing is done in developing countries
• decisions are made by TNCs most of which have headquarters in world cities

Question 16

What are the main characteristics of the political hub

Answer 16

• dictate trading and economic links between counties

- influence and effect international events and affairs

Question 17

What are the main characteristics of migration hub

Answer 17

• attract large numbers of talented people - they are globally mobile
• offers high qualities of life

Question 18

What do world cities dominate in

Answer 18

• financial influence
• culture- theatre capitals
• global languages

Question 19

How did Loughborough university effect world cities

Answer 19

• 1998 tried to rank them
• based on financial influence
• categorised into alpha ++ , alpha + , alpha, beta, gamma

Question 20

How are urbanisation and economic development linked

Answer 20

• as countries develop they start to use machinery to produce food
• fewer jobs in rural areas
• industry Develops in urban areas
• more people start to move to cities in search of higher paying work ams better living standards

Question 21

What further functions did cities attract

Answer 21

• policing, arts entertainment and education

Question 22

Where can these ‘extra’ functions take place

Answer 22

• in a large centre of population where not everyone has to concentrate on producing food and shelter
• people start to specialise and do specific jobs
• division in labour

Question 23

Why did cities grow larger in the industrial revolution

Answer 23

• agriculture- more machinery for farming, so fewer had to work and more food was supplied
• factories grew up close to sources of power
• new sorpurces of power coal

Question 24

What has happened in the continents South America, Asia and Africa

Answer 24

• grown more recently
• 1950 large scale of rural to urban migration
• growth of mega cities such as Mexico City
• sift of manufacturing to the developed world to lower wage economies such as China and India