the global health system and governance challenges

Question 1

the sectoral challenge for global health

Answer 1

complex interaction between health and other global policy domains

engaging in other areas may not align with interest of population or global goals

There is a lack of coordination and integration across different sectors that impact global health outcomes

Question 2

the sovereignty challenge for global health

Answer 2

• relying on other actors
• your own country is not deciding for you what your health priorities should be, it is other actors in other countries
• want to work together as a global community but countries are worried about their own sovereignty
• high income countries are worried about their own national interest

Question 3

the moral challenge for global health

Answer 3

• government of NY had to take PPE supplies from dictators
• had to deal with current challenges
• how do we ethically work together without harming people

Question 4

the accountability challenge

Answer 4

lack of clear mechanisms for the accountability of nonstate actors

legitimacy of intergovernmental organization

causing harm affects other organization

how legitimate are the organizations

are they acting in their own interest?

Question 5

the global health system - new cases of measles

Answer 5

• less are vaccinated for it
• need to get 95% of population vaccinated (Canada is only 92%)
• global health issue bc risk of the disease spreading across borders

Question 6

the global in global health

Answer 6

health issue concerning many countries

transnational determinants

emphasis on commonalities (not differences)

Question 7

global health governance

Answer 7

• across the globe
• more complex and more variance
• more actors and complex issues
• more than one government
• WHO: group of countries that deliberate – collaboration of actors which makes it difficult to implement things

Question 8

national health governance

Answer 8

• national is in the country
• have one government
• civil liberties can be used to guide behavior

Question 9

global health governance definition

Answer 9

use of formal and informal institutions, rules, and processes by actors to deal with challenges to health that require cross-border collective action to address effectively

Question 10

global governance for health

Answer 10

more broad

good governance beyond the health sector

Question 11

indicators of good global health governance for health

Answer 11

• effectiveness, equity, and efficiency in achieving outcomes
• credibility and legitimacy in decision-making processes

Question 12

global health system

Answer 12

comprised of the group of actors whose primary intent is to improve health, along with the rules and norms governing their interactions

includes governments and non-state actors
* philanthropists
* WHO
* Medica
* academic institutions
* civil societies

Question 13

defining the global health system

Answer 13

transnational actors engaged in
* improving health
* protecting health security
* promoting human rights
* responding to humanitarian crises
* facilitating international development

looking to improve the health of everyone around the world

Question 14

non-state actors in global health

Answer 14

activists - greta

unicef

Question 15

polylateral interactions

Answer 15

between state and non-state actors

more inclusive term
* considers interactions with non state actors

Question 16

global health actors

Answer 16

increased amount of institutions engaged in global health after ww2

hearder to make decisions with more parties involved

Question 17

location of global health actors

Answer 17

more headquarters in high income countries

• decisions driven by their interest and by their idea of what good health means

Question 18

primary focus of global health actors

Answer 18

not all organizations have health as their primary goal

Question 19

challenges of achieving good governance among the diverse group of actors

Answer 19

• some of them are not held liable
• some focused on other things like trade, investment, environment, education

Question 20

challenges to global health governance

Answer 20

‘chaotic’ system with many actors
* complicates coordination
* erode authority/leader
* leads to fragmented responses

imbalance between root cause of health issue and looking for quick fixes

imbalance between root-causes and ‘urgent’ needs (ownership)

vaccinations are quick fixes

Question 21

challenges to global health governance

Answer 21

• funding shortfalls, due to economic crises and austerity/funding cuts
• lack of single motivating rationale
• GHG moves from ‘low’ to ‘high’ politics
• geopolitical transition and tensions
• social media, misinformation, and low trust

Question 22

essential functions of the global health system

Answer 22

• production of goods
• management of diseases and externalities across borders – epidemic preparedness
• mobilization of solidarity (humanitarian assistance)
• stewardship (consensus building, goals, priorities)