the global health system and governance challenges Flashcards
the sectoral challenge for global health
complex interaction between health and other global policy domains
engaging in other areas may not align with interest of population or global goals
There is a lack of coordination and integration across different sectors that impact global health outcomes
the sovereignty challenge for global health
- relying on other actors
- your own country is not deciding for you what your health priorities should be, it is other actors in other countries
- want to work together as a global community but countries are worried about their own sovereignty
- high income countries are worried about their own national interest
the moral challenge for global health
- government of NY had to take PPE supplies from dictators
- had to deal with current challenges
- how do we ethically work together without harming people
the accountability challenge
lack of clear mechanisms for the accountability of nonstate actors
legitimacy of intergovernmental organization
causing harm affects other organization
how legitimate are the organizations
are they acting in their own interest?
the global health system - new cases of measles
- less are vaccinated for it
- need to get 95% of population vaccinated (Canada is only 92%)
- global health issue bc risk of the disease spreading across borders
the global in global health
health issue concerning many countries
transnational determinants
emphasis on commonalities (not differences)
global health governance
- across the globe
- more complex and more variance
- more actors and complex issues
- more than one government
- WHO: group of countries that deliberate – collaboration of actors which makes it difficult to implement things
national health governance
- national is in the country
- have one government
- civil liberties can be used to guide behavior
global health governance definition
use of formal and informal institutions, rules, and processes by actors to deal with challenges to health that require cross-border collective action to address effectively
global governance for health
more broad
good governance beyond the health sector
indicators of good global health governance for health
- effectiveness, equity, and efficiency in achieving outcomes
- credibility and legitimacy in decision-making processes
global health system
comprised of the group of actors whose primary intent is to improve health, along with the rules and norms governing their interactions
includes governments and non-state actors
* philanthropists
* WHO
* Medica
* academic institutions
* civil societies
defining the global health system
transnational actors engaged in
* improving health
* protecting health security
* promoting human rights
* responding to humanitarian crises
* facilitating international development
looking to improve the health of everyone around the world
non-state actors in global health
activists - greta
unicef
polylateral interactions
between state and non-state actors
more inclusive term
* considers interactions with non state actors
global health actors
increased amount of institutions engaged in global health after ww2
hearder to make decisions with more parties involved
location of global health actors
more headquarters in high income countries
- decisions driven by their interest and by their idea of what good health means
primary focus of global health actors
not all organizations have health as their primary goal
challenges of achieving good governance among the diverse group of actors
- some of them are not held liable
- some focused on other things like trade, investment, environment, education
challenges to global health governance
‘chaotic’ system with many actors
* complicates coordination
* erode authority/leader
* leads to fragmented responses
imbalance between root cause of health issue and looking for quick fixes
imbalance between root-causes and ‘urgent’ needs (ownership)
vaccinations are quick fixes
challenges to global health governance
- funding shortfalls, due to economic crises and austerity/funding cuts
- lack of single motivating rationale
- GHG moves from ‘low’ to ‘high’ politics
- geopolitical transition and tensions
- social media, misinformation, and low trust
essential functions of the global health system
- production of goods
- management of diseases and externalities across borders – epidemic preparedness
- mobilization of solidarity (humanitarian assistance)
- stewardship (consensus building, goals, priorities)
