The Global Demography Flashcards
not only involves looking at numbers and statistics but also understanding the broader socio economic, environmental, and technological factors that influence population change. (Bacci, 2005)
Global demography
is the statistical study of human populations, especially with reference to size and density, distribution, and vital statistics -will provide statistical basis for analysis
demographics
3 main components of demography
- birth
- death
- migration
This refers to the number of births within a population over a specific period
birth rate
This refers to the number of deaths within a population over a given period
death rate
This is the movement of people across regions or countries, either permanently or temporarily
migration
is about the trends and practices in world politics. It is the study of the issues and developments of the global population. It lays out the present condition of the world and its population.
global demography
-English economist and demographer (1766-1834)
- “An Essay on the Principle of Population” (1798) (The relationship between population growth and resources)
Malthus, Thomas
*Population grows exponentially (1, 2, 4, 8…)
*Food supply grows arithmetically (1, 2, 3, 4…)
- Implication:Eventually, population will outstrip food supply, leading to famine, disease, and war.
Malthusian Theory of Population
Population checks (positive or preventive): famine, disease, war
positive checks
Population checks (positive and preventive): moral restraint, delayed marriage, and lower birth rates
preventive checks
According to ________, change is inevitable because of the flattening of the world.
Friedman (2005)
-For ______________, _______is the continual increase in transnational and worldwide economic, social, and cultural interactions that surpass the boundaries of states which altogether generates political implications
Viotti and Kauppi (2013), globalization
-In the context of _________, demography is a statistical study to determine world population that can be used to identify certain phenomenon in geopolitics, public administration, and others.
political science
Global demography is constantly evolving due to factors like _______ and significant historical events, such as___________ . These events have shifted population structures, influencing growth patterns, cultural exchanges, and workforce distribution.
migration, colonialism and post-war migrations
Movement within a country, often from rural to urban areas, as people seek better employment opportunities, education, and living conditions
internal migration
Cross-border movement of people, often driven by factors such as conflict, economic opportunities, and environmental changes
International migration
Indigenous populations were often displaced, decimated by diseases, or integrated into new socio economic systems
Colonialism
After major conflicts such as World War I and II, many people migrated to rebuild lives or seek refuge
post-war migrations
These migrations and historical events influence population age structures, fertility rates, and mortality rates
population structures and growth patterns
Migration facilitates cultural exchange and integration, leading to multicultural societies
cultural exchanges
Migration affects labor markets by supplying labor to industries that may face shortages in certain regions
workforce distribution
Migration facilitates cultural exchange and integration, leading to multicultural societies
cultural exchanges
Migration affects labor markets by supplying labor to industries that may face shortages in certain regions
workforce distribution
___________ must consider historical contexts and demographic dynamics
population policies
Livi-Bacci and Malthus highlighted these
- Historical patterns of population change
- Crisis response
The need for sustainable practices in resource management to prevent ___________________
Malthusian outcomes
- Rapid population growth in some regions vs. aging populations in others.
- The role of migration, urbanization, and climate change in shaping future demographics.
global challenges
- Strategic planning
- Sustainability and resources
Implications for policy and planning
Implications for policy and planning: Importance of evidence based policies that incorporate historical data and demographic theories
strategic planning
average number of children born per woman
fertility rate
number of births per 1,000 people
crude birth rate
number of deaths per 1,000 people
crude death rate
average number of years a person is expected to live
life expectancy
difference between immigrants and emigrants per 1000 people
net migration rate
indicates whether a population is gaining or losing people due to migration
net migration rate
factors that increase the death rate in a population. These are natural events or conditions that arise when the population exceeds the carrying capacity of the environment.
positive checks
With more people than food, not everyone can be fed, leading to widespread hunger
famine
factors that decrease the birth rate, often through conscious choices made by individuals or society. These checks aim to limit population growth before it reaches a critical level.
preventive checks
