The Gastrointestinal System Flashcards
What is the basic template of the GI tube
Inner layer - mucosa
Support - submucosa
Muscle - muscular externa/propria
Outer layer - adventita/serosa
What is the difference between stratified and squamous epithelia
Stratified are thin with multiple layers whereas squamous are flat and bigger
How many folds are present in the small intestine
1st can be seen with the naked eye
2nd can be seen with a light microscope
3rd requires an electron microscope
E.G. folded once in that file is another fold and in that fold is another
What is mastication
Chewing
What is the proper name for fluid food
Chyne
How does the stomach release its acid
Parietal cells actively release hydrogen ions into the stomach causing a passive movement of chloride ions
How long is the small intestine in the average person
Around 6 meters
When does malabsorption usually occur
Insufficient pancreatic enzymes, insufficient bile, loss of small intestine surface area and a lack of enzymes on microvilli
What are zymogens
The inactive storage form of protease enzymes
How are zymogens activated
Proteolytic activation
What does a lesion in the lateral hypothalamus do
Prevents somebody from eating
What nervous pathway does food stimulate
The parasympathetic
What is a bolus
A lump of swallowed food
