The gaps

Question 1

An expression of the number of dissolved particles per weight of solution.

Answer 1

Osmolality

Question 2

1 molal solution glucose =

Answer 2

1 osmol solution, because glucose doesn’t separate.

Question 3

1 molal solution NaCl =

Answer 3

2 osmol solutions (1 molal Na particle, 1 molal Cl particle)

Question 4

Gives an idea of the total concentration of dissolved particles in the serum or urine.

Answer 4

Serum & urine osmolality

Question 5

Serum osmolality =

Answer 5

Na (sodium) + Glucose + BUN (blood urea nitrogen)

Question 6

calculated osmolality =

Answer 6

1.86 (Na+) + glucose divided by 18 + BUN divided by 2.8

Question 7

If glucose is reported as mg/dL and osmolality is reported as mOsmol/kg, how can I go about getting glucose values into something that relates to mOsmol/kg?

Answer 7

Use Molarity formula (1L H2O = 1kg H2O, if solvent is H2O)
1 osmol glucose = 1 mole glucose
1 mOsmol glucose = 1 mmole glucose

Question 8

What is the equation for mMoles?

Answer 8

mMoles = mg divided by gmw then divided by liters

Question 9

The difference between the measured osmolality and the calculated osmolality.

Answer 9

Osmol gap

Question 10

What is the equation to solve for osmol gap?

Answer 10

osmol gap = measured osmolality - calculated osmolality

Question 11

_________ is looking for the balance of charged particles in the blood.

Answer 11

Anion gap

Question 12

The concentration of anions is equal to the concentration of cations.

Answer 12

Neutrality

Question 13

What is the equation to find the anion gap?

Answer 13

Anion gap = [(Na+) + (K+)] - [(Cl-) + (HCO3-)]