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ARRT > The Gallbladder > Flashcards

The Gallbladder Flashcards

1
Q

Inflammation of the GB w/out associated gall stones

A

Acalculous cholecystitis

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2
Q

The sudden onset of GB inflammation

A

Acute cholecystitis

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3
Q

Benign hyperplasia of the GB wall

A

Adenomyomatosis

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4
Q

Pain located in the RUQ in the area of the GB

A

Biliary colic

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5
Q

The effect of dirty shadowing reverberation, or ring down artifact caused by gas produced by bacteria within the nondependent GB wall

A

Champagne sign

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6
Q

The surgical removal of the GB

A

Cholecystectomy

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7
Q

The hormone produced by the duodenum that causes the GB to contract

A

Cholecystokinin

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8
Q

The presence of gallstones within the biliary tree

A

Choledocholithiasis

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9
Q

Gallstones

A

Cholelithiasis

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10
Q

A condition that results from the disturbance in cholesterol metabolism and accumulation of cholesterol typically within a focal region of the GB wall; may be diffuse

A

Cholesterolosis

AKA strawberry GB

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11
Q

Cholecystitis that results from intermittent obstruction of the cystic duct by gallstones

A

Chronic cholecystitis

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12
Q

Partially digested food from the stomach

A

Chyme

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13
Q

A form of reverberation artifact in which there is a band of echoes that taper distal to a strong reflector

A

Comet tail artifact

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14
Q

The clinical detection of an enlarged palpable GB cause by a biliary obstruction in the in the area of the pancreatic head; typically caused by a pancreatic head mass

A

Courvoisier GB

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15
Q

Chronic inflammatory bowel disease that leads to thickening and scarring of the bowel walls leading to chronic pain and recurrent bowel obstruction

A

Crohn disease

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16
Q

The duct that connects the GB to the common hepatic duct

A

Cystic duct

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17
Q

Abnormal distention of an organ with air or gas

A

Emphysematous

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18
Q

The presence or collection of pus

A

Empyema

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19
Q

The twisting of the vascular supply to the GB

A

GB torsion

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20
Q

An outpouching of the GB neck (normal variant)

A

Hartmann pouch

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21
Q

A condition that results in the destruction of RBCs

A

Hemolytic Anemia

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22
Q

Situation in which the GB is completely filled tumefactive sludge, causing the GB to appear isoechoic to the liver tissue

A

Hepatization of the GB

23
Q

An enlarged GB, AKA mucocele of the GB

A

Hydropic GB

24
Q

The intravenous administration of nutrients and vitamins

A

Hyperalimentation

25
Q

A grow of proliferative and degenerative GB disorders which includes both adenomyomatosis and cholesterolosis

A

Hyperplastic Cholecystosis

26
Q

Abnormal low level of albumin in the blood; albumin is the protein produced in the liver

A

Hypoalbuminemia

27
Q

A fold in the neck of the GB (normal variant)

A

Junctional fold

28
Q

A condition associated with vasculitis and can affect the lymph node, skin, and mucous membranes; AKA mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome

A

Kawasaki disease

29
Q

An elevated WBC count

A

Leukocytosis

30
Q

Pain directly over the GB with applied probe pressure

A

Murphy sign

31
Q

The total number of completed pregnancies that have reached the age of viability

A

Parity

32
Q

Fluid around the GB

A

Pericholecystic fluid

33
Q

Inflammation of the peritoneal lining

A

Peritonitis

34
Q

When the GB fundus is folded onto itself (most common normal variant)

A

Phrygian cap

35
Q

The calcification of all or part of the GB wall

A

Porcelain GB

36
Q

After a meal

A

Postprandial

37
Q

Tiny pockets within the GB wall

A

Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses

38
Q

A life threatening condition caused by the bodys response to a systemic infection

A

Sepsis

39
Q

An illness resulting from another disease, trauma, or injury

A

Sequela

40
Q

A form of hemolytic anemia typically found in people of African descent; characterized dysfunctional sickle-shaped RBCs

A

Sickle cell disease

41
Q

Folds located within the cystic duct that prevent it from collapsing and distending

A

Spiral valves of Heister

42
Q

Complication of acute cholecystitis characterized by pus accumulation within the GB

A

Suppurative Cholecystitis

43
Q

The feeding of a person intravenously

A

Total parenteral nutrition

44
Q

Thick sludge

A

Tumefactive sludge

45
Q

Shadowing of the GB fossa produced by a GB that is completely filled with gallstones

A

wall-echo-shadow sign

46
Q

Hourglass appearance of GB (normal variant)

A

Bilobed GB

47
Q

GB appears as thin separations within the GB (normal variant)

A

Septated GB

48
Q

What are the 4 sources of focal GB wall thickening?

A
  • Polyp
  • Adenomyomatosis
  • GB carcinoma
  • Adhered gallstone
49
Q

What are the 10 sources of diffuse GB wall thickening?

A
  • Postprandial
  • Acute cholecystitis
  • Chronic cholecystitis
  • Adenomyomatosis
  • Hypoalbuminemia
  • AIDS cholangiopathy
  • CHF
  • GB carcinoma
  • Benign ascites
  • Hepatic dysfunction
50
Q

What are the 6 clinical findings of Cholelithiasis?

A
  • Asymptomatic
  • Biliary colic
  • ABD pain after fatty meals
  • Epigastric pain
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Shoulder pain
51
Q

What are the 6 F’s that Cholelithiasis are most commonly seen in?

A
  • Female
  • Fertile
  • Flatulent
  • Fair
  • Forty
52
Q

What are the 3 sonographic findings of Cholelithiasis?

A
  • WES sign (GB completely filled w/ stones)
  • Echogenic, mobile, shadowing structure.
  • Stone lodged in the cystic duct or neck of the GB may not move
53
Q

What are the 2 clinical findings of GB sludge?

A
  • Asymptomatic

- Biliary stasis (extended period of fasting)

54
Q

What is the sonographic findings of GB sludge?

A

A collection of low level, non shadowing, dependent echoes within the GB lumen.

ARRT (33 decks)

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