The Final Prep

Question 1

An L3 disc prolapse will affect which nerve root(s)?

Answer 1

L3/L4

Question 2

There are __ discs in the spine.

Answer 2

23

Question 3

Is there a disc between C1-C2?

Answer 3

No

Question 4

Is there a disc between C0-C1?

Answer 4

No

Question 5

If a lesion is lateral to the nerve root, side bending ____ will DECREASE the symptoms.

Answer 5

away

Question 6

If a lesion is medial to the nerve root, side bending ____ will INCREASE the symptoms.

Answer 6

Away

Question 7

A R thoracic scoliosis will see the SPs toward the ____.

Answer 7

Left

Question 8

With the thoracicspine in neutral, side bending will be accompanied by ____ rotation.

Answer 8

Contralateral

Question 9

Ape hand is a result of injury to the ____ nerve, resulting in weakness of which two relevant muscles?

Answer 9

Median nerve

APB and OP

Question 10

Klumpke’s palsy is most associated with which deformity?

Answer 10

Claw hand

Question 11

Erb’s palsy is most associated with which deformity?

Answer 11

Waiter’s tip deformity

Question 12

With scoliosis, which aROM will be most decreased?

Answer 12

Lateral flexion and flexion toward the convex side.

Question 13

Claw hand is a result of weakness of which muscles? What relevant function is lost?

Answer 13

Dorsal/palmar interossei and ulnar lumbricals.

They flex the MCP joint; without them, ED is unopposed and FDS/FDP overpower the IP joints into flexion.

Question 14

Oath hand/sign of Benediction is associated with ____ nerve injury.

Answer 14

Median

Question 15

The roots/rami of the spinal cord contain both sensory and motor fibres.

Answer 15

Rami

Question 16

The ACL runs from ___ to ___

Answer 16

Anterior to lateral

Question 17

The PCL runs from ___ to ____.

Answer 17

Posterior to medial

Question 18

Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions:

Answer 18

anaphylaxis, allergies (IgE mediated)

Question 19

Type 2 hypersensitivity reactions:

Answer 19

blood type incompatibility (cytotoxic)

Question 20

Type 3 hypersensitivity reactions:

Answer 20

Abnormal immune complexes (Ag-Ab)

Question 21

Type 4 hypersensitivity reactions:

Answer 21

Delayed (cell mediated)

Question 22

Describe spondylosis:

Answer 22

General term for age related degeneration in the spine, usually IVD or OA

Question 23

Describe spondylolysis:

Answer 23

Defect in pars interarticularis

Question 24

Describe spondylolisthesis:

Answer 24

forward slippage of vertebra (most common of L5)

Question 25

T1-T3 + T12 have an SP that is…

Answer 25

In line with its TVPs

Question 26

T4-T6 + T11 have SPs that are…

Answer 26

1/2 level inferior to their TVPs

Question 27

T7-T10 have SPs that are…

Answer 27

At the same level as the TVP of the vertebra below

AKA 1 full level below their TVPs

Question 28

With a posterior hip dislocation, the affected limb will appear…

Answer 28

flexed, add + IR

Question 29

The normal lumbosacral angle is…

Answer 29

140*

Question 30

The primary area of the brain that processes the pain/pleasure aspect of massage:

Answer 30

parietal lobe

Question 31

Ruffini corpuscles respond to…

Answer 31

deep pressure

Question 32

Pacinian corpuscles, hair root plexuses, and Merkel’s discs respond to…

Answer 32

light touch

Question 33

The elbow joint is an example of a ___ class lever.

Answer 33

third class (F E L)

Question 34

A reversible limitation of ROM that occurs as a result of a change in connective tissue following long-term mm spasms is called a…

Answer 34

functional block

Question 35

The heel lift (standing on tippy toes) is an example of a __ class lever

Answer 35

Second class

Question 36

Right sided neck pain can be referred from what organs?

Answer 36

liver and gallbladder

Question 37

Left sided neck pain may be referred from which organs?

Answer 37

lungs and diaphragm

Question 38

Pain in between the shoulder blades may be referred from what organ?

Answer 38

stomach

Question 39

Pain through the low back and lateral hips may be referred from which organ?

Answer 39

kidneys