The Female Reproductive System Flashcards
1
Q
Vulva
A
- term for vagina
2
Q
Gonads
A
- male: testes
- female: ovaries
3
Q
Ova
A
- female sex cells
- “eggs”
4
Q
Oocyte
A
- immature female sex cell
5
Q
Ovarian follicles
A
- structures that contain immature female sex cells
6
Q
By puberty, around 400,000 of those oocytes have become…
A
- primary Follicles
7
Q
Ovulation
A
- release of a mature ovum with the potential for fertilization
8
Q
Oophorectomy
A
- surgical removal of the ovaries
9
Q
Oogenesis
A
- production of female sex cells
10
Q
Polar bodies
A
- small, cytoplasm-deprived cells left over when female sex cells divide to halve the number of chromosomes
11
Q
Granulosa cells
A
- produce estrogen
12
Q
Estrogen
A
- development and maintenance of secondary sex characteristics in women
13
Q
Menses
A
- menstruation
14
Q
Progesterone
A
- hormone that stimulates development of the uterine epithelium for menstruation
15
Q
Corpus Luteum
A
- produces the hormone progesterone
16
Q
Myometrium
A
- muscle layer of the uterus
17
Q
Endometrium
A
- interior layer of the uterus and is lost in menstruation
18
Q
Menopause
A
- cessation of menstrual cycles, around age 45-50
19
Q
Hysterectomy
A
- surgical removal of the uterus
20
Q
Labia minora
Labia majora
A
- minora - “small lips”
- majora - “large lips”
21
Q
What are the primary reproductive organs?
A
- males = testes
- females = ovaries
22
Q
Vestibule
A
- the space within the labia
23
Q
Uterine/Fallopian Tubes
A
- structures that facilitate movement of ova out of the pelvic cavity and into the uterus
24
Q
Uterus
A
- muscly, pear-sized organ; where offspring are carried
25
Ectopic Pregnancy
- implantation of a fertilized egg in a fallopian tube
26
Where is the body of uterus?
- upper portion of the uterus
27
Vagina
- tube that connects the uterus to the vulva
28
Myometrium
- muscle layer of the uterus
29
Frimbriae
- distal ends of uterine tubes that “wave” ova into those tubes following their release from the ovaries
30
Where is the fundus of uterus?
- rounded prominence on the “top” of the uterus
31
Clitoris
- heavily-innervated erectile tissue located at the anterior end of the vestibule
32
Mons Pubis
- skin-covered pad of fat on the pubic bone
33
Cervix
- opening to the uterus that is attached to the superior end of the vagina
34
Bartholin’s (Greater Vestibular) glands
- secretes a mucus-like, lubricating substance
35
Vaginitis
- Infection of vaginal lining, it most often results from STDs or yeast infections
36
Dysmenorrhea
- painful menstrual cramps
37
Ovarian Cysts
- fluid-filled enlargements: usually benign
38
Myoma / Fibroids
- benign tumors of the uterus
39
Amenorrhea
- absence of normal menstruation
40
Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding (DUB)
- irregular / excessive bleeding resulting from a hormonal imbalance
41
Breast Cancer
- most common type of cancer in women
42
PMS
- collection of symptoms that occur in some women before menstruation
43
Endometriosis
- presence of functioning endometrial tissue outside the uterus
44
Infertility
- inability to conceive; can result from factors such as infection, inflammation, tumors, and hormonal imbalances
45
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
- acute inflammatory condition of the uterus, uterine tubes, or ovaries caused by infection
46
Cervical Cancer
- detected by PAP smear; can result from exposure to HPV
47
Ovarian Cancer
- cancer of gonads that can result from metastasis of breast cancer or arise independently.
48
Polycystic Ovary Syndrom
- ovaries are studded with cysts
49
Hymen
- thin fold of mucus of the vaginal orifice
