the Federal Republic of Germany (1945-89)

Question 1

who took administrative control over Germany as soon as WW2 ended

Answer 1

• the allies: america, britain, france, soviet union

Question 2

what was agreed at the 1945 Potsdam conference

Answer 2

• allies would divide G into 4 zones of occupation

Question 3

who took control over the 4 zones of occupation

Answer 3

• Allied Control Council

Question 4

post ww2; _% of housing had been destroyed

Answer 4

• post ww2; 20% of housing had been destroyed

Question 5

what happened in 1947

Answer 5

• in 1947, USSR left the ACC and UK+USA combined their zones to create bizonia

Question 6

outline the 1948 Marshall Plan

Answer 6

• America’s economic aid for EURO countries to boost their economy + stop communism spreading

Question 7

in __, bizonia introduced new currency, the __

Answer 7

• in 1948, bizonia introduced new currency, the deutschmark

Question 8

what happened in 1949

Answer 8

• Britain, USA + France became one - called the FRG

Question 9

what is article 21

Answer 9

• A21: all political parties must adhere to democratic policies

Question 10

outline the structure of FRG Gov

Answer 10

• President: chosen by representation, limited powers
• parliament: Bundestag passed laws, Bundestrat formed laws
• Gov: Chancellor appointed by President with parliamentary approval
• electoral system: combination of proportional representation + first past the post

Question 11

who took over the Government in 1949 and for how long did they last and from which party

Answer 11

• Adenaur, 1949-63, CDU chancellor

Question 12

what was the Hallstein Doctrine 1955

Answer 12

• the refusal to recognise East Germany as a separate country

Question 13

define Ostpolitik

Answer 13

• the establishment of friendly relations with east Germany - turning over the Hallstein Doctrine

Question 14

who took over the Government in 1969 and for how long did they last and from which party

Answer 14

• Brandt, 1969-74, SPD

Question 14

who took over the Government in 1974and for how long did they last and from which party

Answer 14

• Schmidt, 1974-82, SPD

Question 15

who took over the Government in 1982 and for how long did they last and from which party

Answer 15

-Kohl, 1982-98, CDU

Question 16

name the 2 chancellors after Adenauer

Answer 16

• Erhard, Kiesinger

Question 17

under Erhard’s reforms, unemployment fell from _% to _%

Answer 17

• under Erhard’s reforms, unemployment fell from 10.3% to 1.2%

Question 17

Erhard reduced tax from _% to _%

Answer 17

• Erhard reduced tax from 85% to 18%

Question 18

by __, Germany was given __ from the Marshall Plan

Answer 18

• by 1951, Germany was given 1.5b from the Marshall Plan

Question 19

when did FRG join NATO

Answer 19

• 1955

Question 20

outline the 1967 Economic Stabilisation Law

Answer 20

• allowed for future Gov intervention during economic crisis’ to limit regional spending

Question 20

when was the recession

Answer 20

• 1966-67

Question 21

what years were the 2 oil crisis’

Answer 21

• 1973
• 1978

Question 22

what year was unemployment at its highest

Answer 22

• 1989

Question 23

the only time the voter turnout was lower than _% was in __

Answer 23

• the only time the voter turnout was lower than 84% was in 1949

Question 24

in __, the far right political party, socialist Reich party was banned under article _

Answer 24

• in 1952, the far right political party, socialist Reich party was banned under article 21

Question 25

what did the FRG do in 1957

Answer 25

• signed the Treaty of Rome to become a founding member of the European Economic Community

Question 26

what are 2 examples of left wing dissent groups + their motive

Answer 26

• APO (Extra Parliamentary Opposition) - the SPD’s policies which underrepresented the left
• SDS (German Socialist Student Union) - human rights + moral issues (e.g. Vietnam war/ nuclear weapon use)

Question 27

what are 4 reasons for the growth of dissent in the 1960s

Answer 27

• FRG’s growing military involvement in the West
• ‘Year Zero’ principle
• Vietnam War
• Economic Recession 1965-66

Question 28

name a dissent group of the 1970s + their motive

Answer 28

• Baader-Meinhof Gang/ Red Army Faction (RAF)
• influenced by Marxist ideas
• carried out series of bombings, assassinations, kidnappings etc

Question 29

what are 2 organisations that the Gov set up to combat dissent

Answer 29

• BfV + BND: set up in 1950s to investigate people suspected of going against the basic law

Question 30

big blockbusters rose in popularity in __s

Answer 30

• big blockbusters rose in popularity in 1980s

Question 31

outline the 50s + guest workers

Answer 31

• during the 1950s, Germany’s economic miracle needed more labourers
• the return of 4m+ war prisoners, 4.7m refugees, and 1.8m migrants from east Germany provided guest workers

Question 32

in 19__-__, there were attacks from the far right on minority groups - e.g. …

Answer 32

• in 1979-80, there were attacks from the far right on minority groups - e.g. bombing of guest workers accommodation

Question 33

evidence of gender inequality in FRG

Answer 33

• the basic law explicitly discriminated against women
• e.g. there was a clause saying that female public officials must be celibate
• the Kinder Kuche Kirche ideology was still prevalent

Question 34

evidence of gender progression in the FRG

Answer 34

• women’s rights groups were active in the 60s + 70s and sought to overturn society’s established role of women as the homemaker
• the revised 1977 Family + Marriage Law gave women equal rights + shared responsibility in marriage