The Eye (Martin) Flashcards
What is an important clinical manifestation of Graves disease?
The pathogenesis of the phenomenon is due to?
1) Axial proptosis (exophthalmos)
2) Increase in glycosaminoglycans
What is the most common malignancy of the eyelid?
Basal Cell Carcinoma
How are basal cell carcinomas described?
Pearly with a depressed central area
What can cause unilateral keratoconjunctivitis unresponsive to therapy (masquerade syndrome)?
Sebaceous carcinoma
What are submucosal elevation of the conjunctiva?
What are small, yellowish submucosal elevation of the conjunctiva?
What do they result from?
Which does not invade the cornea?
1) Pterygium
2) Pinguecula
3) Sun exposure (actinic damage)
4) Pinguecula
What is the most common intraocular tumor in adults?
It is associated with mutations in?
1) Uveal melanoma
2) GNAQ and GNA11
Uveal melanoma has a worse prognosis if?
Epithelioid cells are present
What contributes to the corneas lack of rejection to transplantation?
The corneal stroma lacks blood vessels and lymphatics
What are lenticular opacities that can be congenital or acquired?
Cataracts
What is one of the biggest risk factors for cataracts?
Diabetes mellitus
Phagocytic glaucoma is a form of?
Secondary, open-angle glaucoma
What is morgagnin cataract in regards to phagocytic glaucoma?
When the lens cortex may liquefy nearly entirely
Glaucoma is mostly assocaited with?
Increase in intraocular pressure
What is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in kids?
Retinoblastoma
What is the most common symptom of retinoblastoma?
Prognosis becomes worse if there is extraocular extension and invasion along the?
1) Leukocoria (white pupillary reflex)
2) Optic nerve
