The ey

Question 1

Highest refractive index

Answer 1

from air to cornea

Question 2

highest refractive indices

Answer 2

lens

Question 3

Zonule fibers

Answer 3

suspends the lens (tightened causes lens to flatten, loosened causes lens to round)

Question 4

iris

Answer 4

complex orientation of smooth muscle functioning as a sphincter

Question 5

pupil

Answer 5

diaphragm-contsricts and opens in response to light

Question 6

cornea

Answer 6

connective tissue
clear
first part of eye
importent for refraction

Question 7

posterior chamber

Answer 7

small chamber behind iris and between ciliary muscle

Question 8

ciliary muscle

Answer 8

continuous with muscle and connects to the choriod

Question 9

Choroid

Answer 9

vascular layer
has nerves and blood vessels
between retina and sclera

Question 10

retina

Answer 10

continuous with the optic nerve

Question 11

sclera

Answer 11

dense, white connective tissue
-holds eye together

Question 12

fovea

Answer 12

dip in the retina
-highest density of cones
-“packed cones”

Question 13

optic disc

Answer 13

the place in the retina that leads to the optic nerve & retinal vessels that transmits to the brain

Question 13

Distant vision is aka

Answer 13

unaccomodated
flattened lens, tighetened

Question 14

Near vision aka

Answer 14

accomodated
more convex lens, zonule fibers loosen

Question 15

blurry image is a result of

Answer 15

lens + retina don’t line up

Question 16

ciliary muscles contracted causes

Answer 16

• ligaments slackened
• lens rounded

Question 17

Ciliary muscles relaxed causes

Answer 17

• lens flattened
• ligaments pulled tight

Question 18

lens flexibility decreases with

Answer 18

age

Question 19

5 types of retinal neruons

Answer 19

• photoreceptors
• bipolar cells
• ganglion cells
• horizontal cells
• amicrin cells

Question 20

photoreceptors

Answer 20

rod/cones
transduce light into electrical signals

Question 21

Bipolar cells

Answer 21

axon–dendrite
target of NT release from photoreceptors
sends signal to ganglion cells

Question 22

Ganglion cells

Answer 22

• receives signals from bipolars
• axon coalesce to form optic nerve
• 1st cell in retina to generate action potential

Question 23

Horizontal Cells

Answer 23

form photoreceptors
synapse within bipolars

Question 24

Amicrin cells

Answer 24

form synapses between bipolar & ganglion cells
OR
rrelay signals between bipolar & ganglion cells (peripheral retina)

Question 25

magnitude is proportional to

Answer 25

stimulus (graded potentials)

Question 26

order of layers within the retina (distal to proximal)

Answer 26

1. pigment epithelium
2. photoreceptor outer segements
   3.