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devbiolec 3rd exam > The Extraembryonic membranes > Flashcards

The Extraembryonic membranes Flashcards

1
Q

The Extraembryonic Membranes

________: encompasses yolk
amnion: enclosing the amniotic cavity
allantois: outgrowth of hindgut

A

yolk sac

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2
Q

The Extraembryonic Membranes

yolk sac: encompasses yolk
_______: enclosing the amniotic cavity
allantois: outgrowth of hindgut

A

amnion

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3
Q

The Extraembryonic Membranes

yolk sac: encompasses yolk
amnion: enclosing the amniotic cavity
________: outgrowth of hindgut

A

allantois

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4
Q

The Extraembryonic Membranes

yolk sac: encompasses yolk
amnion: enclosing the amniotic cavity
allantois: outgrowth of _______

A

hindgut

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5
Q

The Extraembryonic membranes

  • _________: chorio-allantoic membrane
  • can be used as a model to assay angiogenesis: ability of a substanceto develop blood cells
  • growing stages
  • head fold and tail fold: forming the amniotic cavity
A

angiogenesis

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6
Q

The Extraembryonic membranes

  • angiogenesis: ___________ membrane
  • can be used as a model to assay angiogenesis: ability of a substanceto develop blood cells
  • growing stages
  • head fold and tail fold: forming the amniotic cavity
A

chorio-allantoic

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7
Q

The Extraembryonic membranes

  • angiogenesis: chorio-allantoic membrane
  • can be used as a model to ______ angiogenesis: ability of a substance to develop blood cells
  • growing stages
  • head fold and tail fold: forming the amniotic cavity
A

assay

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8
Q

The Extraembryonic membranes

  • angiogenesis: chorio-allantoic membrane
  • can be used as a model to assay angiogenesis: ability of a substance to develop _______ cells
  • growing stages
  • head fold and tail fold: forming the amniotic cavity
A

blood

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9
Q

The Extraembryonic membranes

  • angiogenesis: chorio-allantoic membrane
  • can be used as a model to assay angiogenesis: ability of a substanceto develop blood cells
  • growing stages
  • head fold and tail fold: forming the ______ ______
A

amniotic cavity

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10
Q

Human Extraembryonic Membranes

  • formation of each is ______
  • blastocyst: inner cell mass and trophoblast
  • trophoblast: equivalent of chorion

No head folding
Formation is Independent of amnion

A

different

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11
Q

Human Extraembryonic Membranes

  • formation of each is different
  • ________: inner cell mass and trophoblast
  • trophoblast: equivalent of chorion

No head folding
Formation is Independent of amnion

A

blastocyst

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12
Q

Human Extraembryonic Membranes

  • formation of each is different
  • blastocyst: ______ _____ _____and trophoblast
  • trophoblast: equivalent of chorion

No head folding
Formation is Independent of amnion

A

inner cell mass

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13
Q

Human Extraembryonic Membranes

  • formation of each is different
  • blastocyst: inner cell mass and _______
  • trophoblast: equivalent of chorion

No head folding
Formation is Independent of amnion

A

trophoblast

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14
Q

Human Extraembryonic Membranes

  • formation of each is different
  • blastocyst: inner cell mass and trophoblast
  • ________: equivalent of chorion

No head folding
Formation is Independent of amnion

A

trophoblast

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15
Q

Human Extraembryonic Membranes

  • formation of each is different
  • blastocyst: inner cell mass and trophoblast
  • trophoblast: equivalent of ______

No head folding
Formation is Independent of amnion

A

chorion

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16
Q

Human Extraembryonic Membranes

  • formation of each is different
  • blastocyst: inner cell mass and trophoblast
  • trophoblast: equivalent of chorion

_____ head folding
Formation is Independent of amnion

A

No

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17
Q

Human Extraembryonic Membranes

  • formation of each is different
  • blastocyst: inner cell mass and trophoblast
  • trophoblast: equivalent of chorion

No head folding
Formation is ________ of amnion

A

independent

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18
Q

Human Extraembryonic Membranes

  • formation of each is different
  • blastocyst: inner cell mass and trophoblast
  • trophoblast: equivalent of chorion

No head folding
Formation is Independent of _______

A

amnion

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19
Q

Human Extraembryonic Membranes

  • ______: from inner cell mass
    Magkakaroon ng butas; fuse to become amniotic cavity
  • natitira: magfoform ng yolk sac
    Unlike in avian (endodermal cells growing around the yolk)
  • rest of cells: will divide to form epiblast and hypoblast
    -formation of primitive streak
  • posterior part of gut: evagination: allantois
A

amnion

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20
Q

Human Extraembryonic Membranes

  • amnion: from _____ ____ ______
    Magkakaroon ng butas; fuse to become amniotic cavity
  • natitira: magfoform ng yolk sac
    Unlike in avian (endodermal cells growing around the yolk)
  • rest of cells: will divide to form epiblast and hypoblast
    -formation of primitive streak
  • posterior part of gut: evagination: allantois
A

inner cell mass

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21
Q

Human Extraembryonic Membranes

  • amnion: from inner cell mass
    Magkakaroon ng _____; fuse to become amniotic cavity
  • natitira: magfoform ng yolk sac
    Unlike in avian (endodermal cells growing around the yolk)
  • rest of cells: will divide to form epiblast and hypoblast
    -formation of primitive streak
  • posterior part of gut: evagination: allantois
A

butas

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22
Q

Human Extraembryonic Membranes

  • amnion: from inner cell mass
    Magkakaroon ng butas; ______ to become amniotic cavity
  • natitira: magfoform ng yolk sac
    Unlike in avian (endodermal cells growing around the yolk)
  • rest of cells: will divide to form epiblast and hypoblast
    -formation of primitive streak
  • posterior part of gut: evagination: allantois
A

fuse

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23
Q

Human Extraembryonic Membranes

  • amnion: from inner cell mass
    Magkakaroon ng butas; fuse to become _____ ______
  • natitira: magfoform ng yolk sac
    Unlike in avian (endodermal cells growing around the yolk)
  • rest of cells: will divide to form epiblast and hypoblast
    -formation of primitive streak
  • posterior part of gut: evagination: allantois
A

amniotic cavity

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24
Q

Human Extraembryonic Membranes

  • amnion: from inner cell mass
    Magkakaroon ng butas; fuse to become amniotic cavity
  • natitira: magfoform ng _____ ____
    Unlike in avian (endodermal cells growing around the yolk)
  • rest of cells: will divide to form epiblast and hypoblast
    -formation of primitive streak
  • posterior part of gut: evagination: allantois
A

yolk sac

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25
Q

Human Extraembryonic Membranes

  • amnion: from inner cell mass
    Magkakaroon ng butas; fuse to become amniotic cavity
  • natitira: magfoform ng yolk sac
    Unlike in _____ (endodermal cells growing around the yolk)
  • rest of cells: will divide to form epiblast and hypoblast
    -formation of primitive streak
  • posterior part of gut: evagination: allantois
A

avian

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26
Q

Human Extraembryonic Membranes

  • amnion: from inner cell mass
    Magkakaroon ng butas; fuse to become amniotic cavity
  • natitira: magfoform ng yolk sac
    Unlike in avian (_______ ____ growing around the yolk)
  • rest of cells: will divide to form epiblast and hypoblast
    -formation of primitive streak
  • posterior part of gut: evagination: allantois
A

endodermal cells

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27
Q

Human Extraembryonic Membranes

  • amnion: from inner cell mass
    Magkakaroon ng butas; fuse to become amniotic cavity
  • natitira: magfoform ng yolk sac
    Unlike in avian (endodermal cells growing around the ____)
  • rest of cells: will divide to form epiblast and hypoblast
    -formation of primitive streak
  • posterior part of gut: evagination: allantois
A

yolk

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28
Q

Human Extraembryonic Membranes

  • amnion: from inner cell mass
    Magkakaroon ng butas; fuse to become amniotic cavity
  • natitira: magfoform ng yolk sac
    Unlike in avian (endodermal cells growing around the yolk)
  • ______ __ _____: will divide to form epiblast and hypoblast
    -formation of primitive streak
  • posterior part of gut: evagination: allantois
A

rest of cells

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29
Q

Human Extraembryonic Membranes

  • amnion: from inner cell mass
    Magkakaroon ng butas; fuse to become amniotic cavity
  • natitira: magfoform ng yolk sac
    Unlike in avian (endodermal cells growing around the yolk)
  • rest of cells: will ______ to form epiblast and hypoblast
    -formation of primitive streak
  • posterior part of gut: evagination: allantois
A

divide

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30
Q

Human Extraembryonic Membranes

  • amnion: from inner cell mass
    Magkakaroon ng butas; fuse to become amniotic cavity
  • natitira: magfoform ng yolk sac
    Unlike in avian (endodermal cells growing around the yolk)
  • rest of cells: will divide to form ______ and ______
    -formation of primitive streak
  • posterior part of gut: evagination: allantois
A

epiblast, hypoblast

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31
Q

Human Extraembryonic Membranes

  • amnion: from inner cell mass
    Magkakaroon ng butas; fuse to become amniotic cavity
  • natitira: magfoform ng yolk sac
    Unlike in avian (endodermal cells growing around the yolk)
  • rest of cells: will divide to form epiblast and hypoblast
    -formation of ______ _______
  • posterior part of gut: evagination: allantois
A

primitive streak

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32
Q

Human Extraembryonic Membranes

  • amnion: from inner cell mass
    Magkakaroon ng butas; fuse to become amniotic cavity
  • natitira: magfoform ng yolk sac
    Unlike in avian (endodermal cells growing around the yolk)
  • rest of cells: will divide to form epiblast and hypoblast
    -formation of primitive streak
  • ______ part of gut: evagination: allantois
A

posterior

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33
Q

Human Extraembryonic Membranes

  • amnion: from inner cell mass
    Magkakaroon ng butas; fuse to become amniotic cavity
  • natitira: magfoform ng yolk sac
    Unlike in avian (endodermal cells growing around the yolk)
  • rest of cells: will divide to form epiblast and hypoblast
    -formation of primitive streak
  • posterior part of ___: evagination: allantois
A

gut

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34
Q

Human Extraembryonic Membranes

  • amnion: from inner cell mass
    Magkakaroon ng butas; fuse to become amniotic cavity
  • natitira: magfoform ng yolk sac
    Unlike in avian (endodermal cells growing around the yolk)
  • rest of cells: will divide to form epiblast and hypoblast
    -formation of primitive streak
  • posterior part of gut: ______: allantois
A

evagination

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35
Q

Human Extraembryonic Membranes

  • amnion: from inner cell mass
    Magkakaroon ng butas; fuse to become amniotic cavity
  • natitira: magfoform ng yolk sac
    Unlike in avian (endodermal cells growing around the yolk)
  • rest of cells: will divide to form epiblast and hypoblast
    -formation of primitive streak
  • posterior part of gut: evagination: _____
A

allantois

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36
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • as it rolls down the _____
  • hatches from zona pellucida
  • buries itself with inner cell mass on one side, facing
  • the side where the ICM is growing: the one responsible to secrete enzymes to cut itself to the wall of uterus
  • chorin growing into the substance of the wall
A

uterus

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37
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • as it rolls down the uterus
  • hatches from _____ ______
  • buries itself with inner cell mass on one side, facing
  • the side where the ICM is growing: the one responsible to secrete enzymes to cut itself to the wall of uterus
  • chorin growing into the substance of the wall
A

zona pellucida

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38
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • as it rolls down the uterus
  • hatches from zona pellucida
  • buries itself with _____ ___ _____ on one side, facing
  • the side where the ICM is growing: the one responsible to secrete enzymes to cut itself to the wall of uterus
  • chorin growing into the substance of the wall
A

inner cell mass

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39
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • as it rolls down the uterus
  • hatches from zona pellucida
  • buries itself with inner cell mass on one side, facing
  • the side where the ICM is growing: the one responsible to secrete ______ to cut itself to the wall of uterus
  • chorin growing into the substance of the wall
A

enzymes

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40
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • as it rolls down the uterus
  • hatches from zona pellucida
  • buries itself with inner cell mass on one side, facing
  • the side where the ICM is growing: the one responsible to secrete enzymes to cut itself to the wall of uterus
  • _______ growing into the substance of the wall
A

chorion

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41
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • _____ becomes divided into two:
    cytotrophoblast: the cellular walls
    > cells are clear and well differentiatedsyncitiotrophoblast:
    > cells are not differentiated from each other by a cell membrane
    > secreting substances to cut itself from the wall
  • red: spaces: blood from the mother, bathe the blood vessels that come from the embryo

Blood: maternal contribution

A

chorion

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42
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • chorion becomes divided into two:
    ________ : the cellular walls
    > cells are clear and well differentiatedsyncitiotrophoblast:
    > cells are not differentiated from each other by a cell membrane
    > secreting substances to cut itself from the wall
  • red: spaces: blood from the mother, bathe the blood vessels that come from the embryo

Blood: maternal contribution

A

cytotrophoblast

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43
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • chorion becomes divided into two:
    cytotrophoblast: the ______ walls
    > cells are clear and well differentiatedsyncitiotrophoblast:
    > cells are not differentiated from each other by a cell membrane
    > secreting substances to cut itself from the wall
  • red: spaces: blood from the mother, bathe the blood vessels that come from the embryo

Blood: maternal contribution

A

cellular

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44
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • chorion becomes divided into two:
    cytotrophoblast: the cellular walls
    > cells are _____ and _____ _______syncitiotrophoblast:
    > cells are not differentiated from each other by a cell membrane
    > secreting substances to cut itself from the wall
  • red: spaces: blood from the mother, bathe the blood vessels that come from the embryo

Blood: maternal contribution

A

clear, well differentiated

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45
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • chorion becomes divided into two:
    cytotrophoblast: the cellular walls
    > cells are clear and well differentiated_________ :
    > cells are not differentiated from each other by a cell membrane
    > secreting substances to cut itself from the wall
  • red: spaces: blood from the mother, bathe the blood vessels that come from the embryo

Blood: maternal contribution

A

syncitiotrophoblast

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46
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • chorion becomes divided into two:
    cytotrophoblast: the cellular walls
    > cells are clear and well differentiatedsyncitiotrophoblast:
    > cells are ___ _______from each other by a cell membrane
    > secreting substances to cut itself from the wall
  • red: spaces: blood from the mother, bathe the blood vessels that come from the embryo

Blood: maternal contribution

A

not differentiated

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47
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • chorion becomes divided into two:
    cytotrophoblast: the cellular walls
    > cells are clear and well differentiatedsyncitiotrophoblast:
    > cells are not differentiated from each other by a ____ ______
    > secreting substances to cut itself from the wall
  • red: spaces: blood from the mother, bathe the blood vessels that come from the embryo

Blood: maternal contribution

A

cell membrane

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48
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • chorion becomes divided into two:
    cytotrophoblast: the cellular walls
    > cells are clear and well differentiatedsyncitiotrophoblast:
    > cells are not differentiated from each other by a cell membrane
    > secreting substances to ___ ______ from the wall
  • red: spaces: blood from the mother, bathe the blood vessels that come from the embryo

Blood: maternal contribution

A

cut itself

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49
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • chorion becomes divided into two:
    cytotrophoblast: the cellular walls
    > cells are clear and well differentiatedsyncitiotrophoblast:
    > cells are not differentiated from each other by a cell membrane
    > secreting substances to cut itself from the wall
  • red: spaces: blood from the ______, bathe the blood vessels that come from the embryo

Blood: maternal contribution

A

mother

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50
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • chorion becomes divided into two:
    cytotrophoblast: the cellular walls
    > cells are clear and well differentiatedsyncitiotrophoblast:
    > cells are not differentiated from each other by a cell membrane
    > secreting substances to cut itself from the wall
  • red: spaces: blood from the mother, bathe the ______ ______ that come from the embryo

Blood: maternal contribution

A

blood vessels

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51
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • chorion becomes divided into two:
    cytotrophoblast: the cellular walls
    > cells are clear and well differentiatedsyncitiotrophoblast:
    > cells are not differentiated from each other by a cell membrane
    > secreting substances to cut itself from the wall
  • red: spaces: blood from the mother, bathe the blood vessels that come from the ______

Blood: maternal contribution

A

embryo

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52
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • chorion becomes divided into two:
    cytotrophoblast: the cellular walls
    > cells are clear and well differentiatedsyncitiotrophoblast:
    > cells are not differentiated from each other by a cell membrane
    > secreting substances to cut itself from the wall
  • red: spaces: blood from the mother, bathe the blood vessels that come from the embryo

______ : maternal contribution

A

Blood

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53
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • the whole of the _____ is covered by the villi
  • villi concentrate only where it started in the beginning
  • umbilical stalk forms
  • all the villi will disappear

-capsule of embryo is divided into:
chorion fondosum: has a lot of villi
chorion laeve: chorion is smooth

  • fetal contribution to placenta
A

embryo

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54
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • the whole of the embryo is covered by the _____
  • villi concentrate only where it started in the beginning
  • umbilical stalk forms
  • all the villi will disappear

-capsule of embryo is divided into:
chorion fondosum: has a lot of villi
chorion laeve: chorion is smooth

  • fetal contribution to placenta
A

villi

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55
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • the whole of the embryo is covered by the villi
  • villi _______ only where it started in the beginning
  • umbilical stalk forms
  • all the villi will disappear

-capsule of embryo is divided into:
chorion fondosum: has a lot of villi
chorion laeve: chorion is smooth

  • fetal contribution to placenta
A

concentrate

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56
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • the whole of the embryo is covered by the villi
  • villi concentrate only where it started in the beginning
  • ______ ____ forms
  • all the villi will disappear

-capsule of embryo is divided into:
chorion fondosum: has a lot of villi
chorion laeve: chorion is smooth

  • fetal contribution to placenta
A

umbilical stalk

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57
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • the whole of the embryo is covered by the villi
  • villi concentrate only where it started in the beginning
  • umbilical stalk forms
  • all the villi will ______

-capsule of embryo is divided into:
chorion fondosum: has a lot of villi
chorion laeve: chorion is smooth

  • fetal contribution to placenta
A

disappear

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58
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • the whole of the embryo is covered by the villi
  • villi concentrate only where it started in the beginning
  • umbilical stalk forms
  • all the villi will disappear
  • _______ of embryo is divided into:
    chorion fondosum: has a lot of villi
    chorion laeve: chorion is smooth
  • fetal contribution to placenta
A

capsule

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59
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • the whole of the embryo is covered by the villi
  • villi concentrate only where it started in the beginning
  • umbilical stalk forms
  • all the villi will disappear

-capsule of embryo is divided into:
______ ______: has a lot of villi
chorion laeve: chorion is smooth

  • fetal contribution to placenta
A

chorion fondosum

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3
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60
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • the whole of the embryo is covered by the villi
  • villi concentrate only where it started in the beginning
  • umbilical stalk forms
  • all the villi will disappear

-capsule of embryo is divided into:
chorion fondosum: has a lot of _____
chorion laeve: chorion is smooth

  • fetal contribution to placenta
A

villi

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61
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • the whole of the embryo is covered by the villi
  • villi concentrate only where it started in the beginning
  • umbilical stalk forms
  • all the villi will disappear

-capsule of embryo is divided into:
chorion fondosum: has a lot of villi
______ ______: chorion is smooth

  • fetal contribution to placenta
A

chorion laeve

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62
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • the whole of the embryo is covered by the villi
  • villi concentrate only where it started in the beginning
  • umbilical stalk forms
  • all the villi will disappear

-capsule of embryo is divided into:
chorion fondosum: has a lot of villi
chorion laeve: chorion is _______

  • fetal contribution to placenta
A

smooth

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63
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • the whole of the embryo is covered by the villi
  • villi concentrate only where it started in the beginning
  • umbilical stalk forms
  • all the villi will disappear

-capsule of embryo is divided into:
chorion fondosum: has a lot of villi
chorion laeve: chorion is smooth

  • ______ contribution to placenta
A

fetal

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64
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • the whole of the embryo is covered by the villi
  • villi concentrate only where it started in the beginning
  • umbilical stalk forms
  • all the villi will disappear

-capsule of embryo is divided into:
chorion fondosum: has a lot of villi
chorion laeve: chorion is smooth

  • fetal contribution to ________
A

placenta

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65
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes
maternal contribution also divided into two:
______ _____
desidua capsulares

Next to leave
- other parts of uterine wall where the baby is not growing: desidua parietalis
- dumidikit capsulares with parietalis: kapag naggrow na ung baby sa buong parts

  • chorio-allantoic membrane
    Allantois: very vascularized
  • here: only most proximal part of allantois is useful that will become the u. bladder
    -villi of chorion is made up from the allantois
A

desidua basalis

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66
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes
maternal contribution also divided into two:
desidua basalis
________ ________

Next to leave
- other parts of uterine wall where the baby is not growing: desidua parietalis
- dumidikit capsulares with parietalis: kapag naggrow na ung baby sa buong parts

  • chorio-allantoic membrane
    Allantois: very vascularized
  • here: only most proximal part of allantois is useful that will become the u. bladder
    -villi of chorion is made up from the allantois
A

desidua capsulares

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67
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes
maternal contribution also divided into two:
desidua basalis
desidua capsulares

Next to leave
- other parts of uterine wall where the baby is not growing: _______ _______
- dumidikit capsulares with parietalis: kapag naggrow na ung baby sa buong parts

  • chorio-allantoic membrane
    Allantois: very vascularized
  • here: only most proximal part of allantois is useful that will become the u. bladder
    -villi of chorion is made up from the allantois
A

desidua parietalis

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68
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes
maternal contribution also divided into two:
desidua basalis
desidua capsulares

Next to leave
- other parts of uterine wall where the baby is not growing: desidua parietalis
- _______ capsulares with parietalis: kapag naggrow na ung baby sa buong parts

  • chorio-allantoic membrane
    Allantois: very vascularized
  • here: only most proximal part of allantois is useful that will become the u. bladder
    -villi of chorion is made up from the allantois
A

dumidikit

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69
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes
maternal contribution also divided into two:
desidua basalis
desidua capsulares

Next to leave
- other parts of uterine wall where the baby is not growing: desidua parietalis
- dumidikit capsulares with parietalis: kapag naggrow na ung baby sa buong parts

  • ______ _______membrane
    Allantois: very vascularized
  • here: only most proximal part of allantois is useful that will become the u. bladder
    -villi of chorion is made up from the allantois
A

chorio-allantoic

70
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes
maternal contribution also divided into two:
desidua basalis
desidua capsulares

Next to leave
- other parts of uterine wall where the baby is not growing: desidua parietalis
- dumidikit capsulares with parietalis: kapag naggrow na ung baby sa buong parts

  • chorio-allantoic membrane
    _______ : very vascularized
  • here: only most proximal part of allantois is useful that will become the u. bladder
    -villi of chorion is made up from the allantois
A

Allantois

71
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes
maternal contribution also divided into two:
desidua basalis
desidua capsulares

Next to leave
- other parts of uterine wall where the baby is not growing: desidua parietalis
- dumidikit capsulares with parietalis: kapag naggrow na ung baby sa buong parts

  • chorio-allantoic membrane
    Allantois: very ________
  • here: only most proximal part of allantois is useful that will become the u. bladder
    -villi of chorion is made up from the allantois
A

vascularized

72
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes
maternal contribution also divided into two:
desidua basalis
desidua capsulares

Next to leave
- other parts of uterine wall where the baby is not growing: desidua parietalis
- dumidikit capsulares with parietalis: kapag naggrow na ung baby sa buong parts

  • chorio-allantoic membrane
    Allantois: very vascularized
  • here: only most ______ part of allantois is useful that will become the u. bladder
    -villi of chorion is made up from the allantois
A

proximal

73
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes
maternal contribution also divided into two:
desidua basalis
desidua capsulares

Next to leave
- other parts of uterine wall where the baby is not growing: desidua parietalis
- dumidikit capsulares with parietalis: kapag naggrow na ung baby sa buong parts

  • chorio-allantoic membrane
    Allantois: very vascularized
  • here: only most proximal part of allantois is useful that will become the _______ ______
    -villi of chorion is made up from the allantois
A

urinary bladder

74
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes
maternal contribution also divided into two:
desidua basalis
desidua capsulares

Next to leave
- other parts of uterine wall where the baby is not growing: desidua parietalis
- dumidikit capsulares with parietalis: kapag naggrow na ung baby sa buong parts

  • chorio-allantoic membrane
    Allantois: very vascularized
  • here: only most proximal part of allantois is useful that will become the u. bladder
  • ______ of chorion is made up from the allantois
A

villi

75
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes
maternal contribution also divided into two:
desidua basalis
desidua capsulares

Next to leave
- other parts of uterine wall where the baby is not growing: desidua parietalis
- dumidikit capsulares with parietalis: kapag naggrow na ung baby sa buong parts

  • chorio-allantoic membrane
    Allantois: very vascularized
  • here: only most proximal part of allantois is useful that will become the u. bladder
    -villi of chorion is made up from the _______
A

allantois

76
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

______ ________: in chick: corresponds to chorio-allantois

  • blood vessels very intricate, forming a network
  • every time the heart beats, cavity is filled up with blood
A

umbilical vessels

77
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

umbilical vessels: in chick: corresponds to ______ ________

  • blood vessels very intricate, forming a network
  • every time the heart beats, cavity is filled up with blood
A

chorio-allantois

78
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

umbilical vessels: in chick: corresponds to chorio-allantois

  • blood vessels very _______, forming a network
  • every time the heart beats, cavity is filled up with blood
A

intricate

79
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

umbilical vessels: in chick: corresponds to chorio-allantois

  • blood vessels very intricate, forming a ______
  • every time the heart beats, cavity is filled up with blood
A

network

80
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

umbilical vessels: in chick: corresponds to chorio-allantois

  • blood vessels very intricate, forming a network
  • every time the heart ______, cavity is filled up with blood
A

beats

81
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

umbilical vessels: in chick: corresponds to chorio-allantois

  • blood vessels very intricate, forming a network
  • every time the heart beats, _____ is filled up with blood
A

cavity

82
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

umbilical vessels: in chick: corresponds to chorio-allantois

  • blood vessels very intricate, forming a network
  • every time the heart beats, cavity is filled up with _____
A

blood

83
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic membranes

  • different types of ______
  • maliit na bukol²: chorionic villi
  • sow: sobrang daming villi
  • bitch: just around it
  • represent chorionic blood vessels
A

placentation

84
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic membranes

  • different types of placentation
  • maliit na bukol²: _______ ____
  • sow: sobrang daming villi
  • bitch: just around it
  • represent chorionic blood vessels
A

chorionic villi

85
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic membranes

  • different types of placentation
  • maliit na bukol²: chorionic villi
  • ____ : sobrang daming villi
  • bitch: just around it
  • represent chorionic blood vessels
A

sow

86
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic membranes

  • different types of placentation
  • maliit na bukol²: chorionic villi
  • sow: sobrang daming villi
  • ____ : just around it
  • represent chorionic blood vessels
A

bitch

87
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic membranes

  • different types of placentation
  • maliit na bukol²: chorionic villi
  • sow: sobrang daming villi
  • bitch: just around it
  • represent _______ blood vessels
A

chorionic

88
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • represents from across organisms: closeness of the relationship of the contributions from the mother and _____
  • gradual increase in closeness
  • maternal wall of uterus: maternal side
  • chorionic villi: fetal side
A

fetus

89
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • represents from across organisms: closeness of the relationship of the contributions from the mother and fetus
  • _____ increase in closeness
  • maternal wall of uterus: maternal side
  • chorionic villi: fetal side
A

gradual

90
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • represents from across organisms: closeness of the relationship of the contributions from the mother and fetus
  • gradual increase in closeness
  • maternal wall of _____: maternal side
  • chorionic villi: fetal side
A

uterus

91
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • represents from across organisms: closeness of the relationship of the contributions from the mother and fetus
  • gradual increase in closeness
  • maternal wall of uterus: maternal side
  • chorionic villi: ______ _____
A

fetal side

92
Q

Mammalian Extraembryonic Membranes

  • represents from across organisms: closeness of the relationship of the contributions from the mother and fetus
  • gradual increase in closeness
  • maternal wall of uterus: maternal side
  • _______ _____: fetal side
A

chorionic villi

93
Q

Extraembryonic Membranes

___________
- all intact ang epithelium and blood vessels and connective tissues
- Baby slips out of maternal uterus
- No radical change to mother or baby
- No great loss of blood

A

Epitheliochoral

94
Q

Extraembryonic Membranes

Epitheliochoral
- ___ ______ ang epithelium and blood vessels and connective tissues
- Baby slips out of maternal uterus
- No radical change to mother or baby
- No great loss of blood

A

all intact

95
Q

Extraembryonic Membranes

Epitheliochoral
- all intact ang ______ and blood vessels and connective tissues
- Baby slips out of maternal uterus
- No radical change to mother or baby
- No great loss of blood

A

epithelium

96
Q

Extraembryonic Membranes

Epitheliochoral
- all intact ang epithelium and _____ _____ and connective tissues
- Baby slips out of maternal uterus
- No radical change to mother or baby
- No great loss of blood

A

blood vessels

97
Q

Extraembryonic Membranes

Epitheliochoral
- all intact ang epithelium and blood vessels and _______ ____
- Baby slips out of maternal uterus
- No radical change to mother or baby
- No great loss of blood

A

connective tissues

98
Q

Extraembryonic Membranes

Epitheliochoral
- all intact ang epithelium and blood vessels and connective tissues
- Baby slips out of maternal _______
- No radical change to mother or baby
- No great loss of blood

A

uterus

99
Q

Extraembryonic Membranes

Epitheliochoral
- all intact ang epithelium and blood vessels and connective tissues
- Baby slips out of maternal uterus
- No ______ change to mother or baby
- No great loss of blood

A

radical

100
Q

Extraembryonic Membranes

Epitheliochoral
- all intact ang epithelium and blood vessels and connective tissues
- Baby slips out of maternal uterus
- No radical change to mother or baby
- No great loss of _____

A

blood

101
Q

Extraembryonic Membranes

____________
- Maternal blood vessel still surrounded by connective tissue
- But there is a common epithelial lining

A

endotheliochoral

102
Q

Extraembryonic Membranes

Endotheliochoral
- _______ blood vessel still surrounded by connective tissue
- But there is a common epithelial lining

A

maternal

103
Q

Extraembryonic Membranes

Endotheliochoral
- Maternal blood vessel still surrounded by _______ _____
- But there is a common epithelial lining

A

connective tissue

104
Q

Extraembryonic Membranes

Endotheliochoral
- Maternal blood vessel still surrounded by connective tissue
- But there is a common ________ _____

A

epithelial lining

105
Q

Extraembryonic Membranes

________
- Blood vessel wala nang wall at connective tissue
- Blood vessel: mas madali makakuha ng nutrients at maka-empty ng wastes

A

Hemochorial

106
Q

Extraembryonic Membranes

Hemochorial
- Blood vessel wala nang ____ at __________
- Blood vessel: mas madali makakuha ng nutrients at maka-empty ng wastes

A

wall, connective tissue

107
Q

Extraembryonic Membranes

Hemochorial
- _____ ______ wala nang wall at connective tissue
- Blood vessel: mas madali makakuha ng nutrients at maka-empty ng wastes

A

blood vessel

108
Q

Extraembryonic Membranes

Hemochorial
- Blood vessel wala nang wall at connective tissue
- ______ ______: mas madali makakuha ng nutrients at maka-empty ng wastes

A

blood vessel

109
Q

Extraembryonic Membranes

Hemochorial
- Blood vessel wala nang wall at connective tissue
- Blood vessel: mas madali makakuha ng _______ at maka-empty ng wastes

A

nutrients

110
Q

Extraembryonic Membranes

Hemochorial
- Blood vessel wala nang wall at connective tissue
- Blood vessel: mas madali makakuha ng nutrients at maka-empty ng _______

A

wastes

111
Q

Extraembryonic Membranes

________
- Blood vessel na lang ang nagseseparate
- Closest

A

Hemoendothelial

112
Q

Extraembryonic Membranes

Hemoendothelial
- ______ _____ na lang ang nagseseparate
- Closest

A

blood vessel

113
Q

Extraembryonic Membranes

Hemoendothelial
- Blood vessel na lang ang nagseseparate
- ______

A

closest

114
Q

Functions of Placenta

  • ________: provides sustenance to developing embryo
  • Has angiogenic property: causes the formation of blood vessel supply to where the fetus is growing
  • Endocrine: provide hormones that enable the uterus to retain the pregnancy and also accelerate mammary gland development
  • Immunological: block the potential immune response of the mother against the developing fetus.
  • Recent studies suggest that the placenta uses several mechanisms to block the mother’s immune response.
A

Nutritional

115
Q

Functions of Placenta

  • Nutritional: provides sustenance to developing embryo
  • Has ______ property: causes the formation of blood vessel supply to where the fetus is growing
  • Endocrine: provide hormones that enable the uterus to retain the pregnancy and also accelerate mammary gland development
  • Immunological: block the potential immune response of the mother against the developing fetus.
  • Recent studies suggest that the placenta uses several mechanisms to block the mother’s immune response.
A

angiogenic

116
Q

Functions of Placenta

  • Nutritional: provides sustenance to developing embryo
  • Has angiogenic property: causes the formation of blood vessel supply to where the fetus is growing
  • _______: provide hormones that enable the uterus to retain the pregnancy and also accelerate mammary gland development
  • Immunological: block the potential immune response of the mother against the developing fetus.
  • Recent studies suggest that the placenta uses several mechanisms to block the mother’s immune response.
A

Endocrine

117
Q

Functions of Placenta

  • Nutritional: provides sustenance to developing embryo
  • Has angiogenic property: causes the formation of blood vessel supply to where the fetus is growing
  • Endocrine: provide hormones that enable the uterus to ______ the pregnancy and also accelerate mammary gland development
  • Immunological: block the potential immune response of the mother against the developing fetus.
  • Recent studies suggest that the placenta uses several mechanisms to block the mother’s immune response.
A

retain

118
Q

Functions of Placenta

  • Nutritional: provides sustenance to developing embryo
  • Has angiogenic property: causes the formation of blood vessel supply to where the fetus is growing
  • Endocrine: provide hormones that enable the uterus to retain the pregnancy and also _______ mammary gland development
  • Immunological: block the potential immune response of the mother against the developing fetus.
  • Recent studies suggest that the placenta uses several mechanisms to block the mother’s immune response.
A

accelerate

119
Q

Functions of Placenta

  • Nutritional: provides sustenance to developing embryo
  • Has angiogenic property: causes the formation of blood vessel supply to where the fetus is growing
  • Endocrine: provide hormones that enable the uterus to retain the pregnancy and also accelerate mammary gland development
  • ___________ : block the potential immune response of the mother against the developing fetus.
  • Recent studies suggest that the placenta uses several mechanisms to block the mother’s immune response.
A

Immunological

120
Q

Functions of Placenta

  • Nutritional: provides sustenance to developing embryo
  • Has angiogenic property: causes the formation of blood vessel supply to where the fetus is growing
  • Endocrine: provide hormones that enable the uterus to retain the pregnancy and also accelerate mammary gland development
  • Immunological: block the potential immune response of the ______ against the developing fetus.
  • Recent studies suggest that the placenta uses several mechanisms to block the mother’s immune response.
A

mother

121
Q

Functions of Placenta

  • Nutritional: provides sustenance to developing embryo
  • Has angiogenic property: causes the formation of blood vessel supply to where the fetus is growing
  • Endocrine: provide hormones that enable the uterus to retain the pregnancy and also accelerate mammary gland development
  • Immunological: block the potential immune response of the mother against the developing fetus.
  • Recent studies suggest that the _______ uses several mechanisms to block the mother’s immune response.
A

placenta

122
Q

Antigenic Properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • On its ______ ____, an embryo exhibits HLA proteins that differ from those of the mother
  • Fetal tissue and especially that of the placenta (syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast of the villi) in direct contact to the maternal organism produce no tissue antigens (HLA- A, -B, -C complexes = main complexes of the histocompatibility)
A

surface cells

123
Q

Antigenic Properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • On its surface cells, an embryo exhibits ____ ______ that differ from those of the mother
  • Fetal tissue and especially that of the placenta (syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast of the villi) in direct contact to the maternal organism produce no tissue antigens (HLA- A, -B, -C complexes = main complexes of the histocompatibility)
A

HLA proteins

124
Q

Antigenic Properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • On its surface cells, an embryo exhibits HLA proteins that differ from those of the mother
  • _____ ______ and especially that of the placenta (syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast of the villi) in direct contact to the maternal organism produce no tissue antigens (HLA- A, -B, -C complexes = main complexes of the histocompatibility)
A

Fetal tissue

125
Q

Antigenic Properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • On its surface cells, an embryo exhibits HLA proteins that differ from those of the mother
  • Fetal tissue and especially that of the _______ (syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast of the villi) in direct contact to the maternal organism produce no tissue antigens (HLA- A, -B, -C complexes = main complexes of the histocompatibility)
A

placenta

126
Q

Antigenic Properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • On its surface cells, an embryo exhibits HLA proteins that differ from those of the mother
  • Fetal tissue and especially that of the placenta (________ and _______ of the villi) in direct contact to the maternal organism produce no tissue antigens (HLA- A, -B, -C complexes = main complexes of the histocompatibility)
A

syncytiotrophoblast, cytotrophoblast

127
Q

Antigenic Properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • On its surface cells, an embryo exhibits HLA proteins that differ from those of the mother
  • Fetal tissue and especially that of the placenta (syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast of the villi) in _____ ______ to the maternal organism produce no tissue antigens (HLA- A, -B, -C complexes = main complexes of the histocompatibility)
A

direct contact

128
Q

Antigenic Properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • On its surface cells, an embryo exhibits HLA proteins that differ from those of the mother
  • Fetal tissue and especially that of the placenta (syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast of the villi) in direct contact to the _______ organism produce no tissue antigens (HLA- A, -B, -C complexes = main complexes of the histocompatibility)
A

maternal

129
Q

Antigenic Properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • On its surface cells, an embryo exhibits HLA proteins that differ from those of the mother
  • Fetal tissue and especially that of the placenta (syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast of the villi) in direct contact to the maternal organism produce __ _____ ______ (HLA- A, -B, -C complexes = main complexes of the histocompatibility)
A

no tissue antigens

130
Q

Antigenic Properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • On its surface cells, an embryo exhibits HLA proteins that differ from those of the mother
  • Fetal tissue and especially that of the placenta (syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast of the villi) in direct contact to the maternal organism produce no tissue antigens (______ ___ ___complexes = main complexes of the histocompatibility)
A

HLA -A, -B, -C

131
Q

Antigenic Properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • On its surface cells, an embryo exhibits HLA proteins that differ from those of the mother
  • Fetal tissue and especially that of the placenta (syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast of the villi) in direct contact to the maternal organism produce no tissue antigens (HLA- A, -B, -C complexes = main complexes of the __________)
A

histocompatibility

132
Q

Antigenic Properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • Nevertheless,_____ antigens, which do not distinguish between individuals, occurs through the extravillous cytothrophoblast. The HLA -G antigen takes over anti-viral and immunosuppressive functions as well as non-immunologic tasks.
A

HLA -G

133
Q

Antigenic Properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • Nevertheless, HLA- G antigens, which do not distinguish between individuals, occurs through the ________ cytothrophoblast. The HLA -G antigen takes over anti-viral and immunosuppressive functions as well as non-immunologic tasks.
A

extravillous

134
Q

Antigenic Properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • Nevertheless, HLA- G antigens, which do not distinguish between individuals, occurs through the extravillous cytothrophoblast. The HLA -G antigen ______ _____ anti-viral and immunosuppressive functions as well as non-immunologic tasks.
A

takes over

135
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • Some _______ hormones (e.g., progesterone) have an immunosuppressive effect on the lymphocytes of the pregnant woman. Progesterone seems to play an important immunosuppressive role that is mediated by the PBIF protein (Progesterone Induced Blocking Factor)
A

steroid

136
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • Some steroid hormones (e.g., ________) have an immunosuppressive effect on the lymphocytes of the pregnant woman. Progesterone seems to play an important immunosuppressive role that is mediated by the PBIF protein (Progesterone Induced Blocking Factor)
A

progesterone

137
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • Some steroid hormones (e.g., progesterone) have an _____________ _____ on the lymphocytes of the pregnant woman. Progesterone seems to play an important immunosuppressive role that is mediated by the PBIF protein (Progesterone Induced Blocking Factor)
A

immunosuppressive effect

138
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • Some steroid hormones (e.g., progesterone) have an immunosuppressive effect on the _________ of the pregnant woman. Progesterone seems to play an important immunosuppressive role that is mediated by the PBIF protein (Progesterone Induced Blocking Factor)
A

lymphocytes

139
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • Some steroid hormones (e.g., progesterone) have an immunosuppressive effect on the lymphocytes of the pregnant woman. _________ seems to play an important immunosuppressive role that is mediated by the PBIF protein (Progesterone Induced Blocking Factor)
A

Progesterone

140
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • Some steroid hormones (e.g., progesterone) have an immunosuppressive effect on the lymphocytes of the pregnant woman. Progesterone seems to play an important immunosuppressive role that is mediated by the ____ _____ (Progesterone Induced Blocking Factor)
A

PBIF protein

141
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • Some steroid hormones (e.g., progesterone) have an immunosuppressive effect on the lymphocytes of the pregnant woman. Progesterone seems to play an important immunosuppressive role that is mediated by the PBIF protein (_____ ______ ______ _____)
A

Progesterone Induced Blocking Factor

142
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • The _______ ________ control the cell population of the organism and, through cytolysis, destroy foreign cells (foreign to the body, “not self”) or those cells of the organism that present a foreign antigen (“self, but modified”).

Trophoblast cells would therefore have to be destroyed as foreign tissue. Since the recognition of an antigen presupposes its binding at a HLA (identity marking) protein and since trophoblast cells do not produce classical HLA, they cannot be recognized by the T-lymphocytes as foreign tissue and so escape destruction.

A

cytotoxic T-lymphocytes

143
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • The cytotoxic T-lymphocytes control the ____ _______ of the organism and, through cytolysis, destroy foreign cells (foreign to the body, “not self”) or those cells of the organism that present a foreign antigen (“self, but modified”).

Trophoblast cells would therefore have to be destroyed as foreign tissue. Since the recognition of an antigen presupposes its binding at a HLA (identity marking) protein and since trophoblast cells do not produce classical HLA, they cannot be recognized by the T-lymphocytes as foreign tissue and so escape destruction.

A

cell population

144
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • The cytotoxic T-lymphocytes control the cell population of the organism and, through _______, destroy foreign cells (foreign to the body, “not self”) or those cells of the organism that present a foreign antigen (“self, but modified”).

Trophoblast cells would therefore have to be destroyed as foreign tissue. Since the recognition of an antigen presupposes its binding at a HLA (identity marking) protein and since trophoblast cells do not produce classical HLA, they cannot be recognized by the T-lymphocytes as foreign tissue and so escape destruction.

A

cytolysis

145
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • The cytotoxic T-lymphocytes control the cell population of the organism and, through cytolysis, destroy foreign cells (foreign to the body, “____ _____”) or those cells of the organism that present a foreign antigen (“self, but modified”).

Trophoblast cells would therefore have to be destroyed as foreign tissue. Since the recognition of an antigen presupposes its binding at a HLA (identity marking) protein and since trophoblast cells do not produce classical HLA, they cannot be recognized by the T-lymphocytes as foreign tissue and so escape destruction.

A

not self

146
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • The cytotoxic T-lymphocytes control the cell population of the organism and, through cytolysis, destroy foreign cells (foreign to the body, “not self”) or those cells of the organism that present a foreign antigen (“___, _____ _______”).

Trophoblast cells would therefore have to be destroyed as foreign tissue. Since the recognition of an antigen presupposes its binding at a HLA (identity marking) protein and since trophoblast cells do not produce classical HLA, they cannot be recognized by the T-lymphocytes as foreign tissue and so escape destruction.

A

self, but modified

147
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • The cytotoxic T-lymphocytes control the cell population of the organism and, through cytolysis, destroy foreign cells (foreign to the body, “not self”) or those cells of the organism that present a foreign antigen (“self, but modified”).

_______ cells would therefore have to be destroyed as foreign tissue. Since the recognition of an antigen presupposes its binding at a HLA (identity marking) protein and since trophoblast cells do not produce classical HLA, they cannot be recognized by the T-lymphocytes as foreign tissue and so escape destruction.

A

trophoblast

148
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • The cytotoxic T-lymphocytes control the cell population of the organism and, through cytolysis, destroy foreign cells (foreign to the body, “not self”) or those cells of the organism that present a foreign antigen (“self, but modified”).

Trophoblast cells would therefore have to be _______ as foreign tissue. Since the recognition of an antigen presupposes its binding at a HLA (identity marking) protein and since trophoblast cells do not produce classical HLA, they cannot be recognized by the T-lymphocytes as foreign tissue and so escape destruction.

A

destroyed

149
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • The cytotoxic T-lymphocytes control the cell population of the organism and, through cytolysis, destroy foreign cells (foreign to the body, “not self”) or those cells of the organism that present a foreign antigen (“self, but modified”).

Trophoblast cells would therefore have to be destroyed as ______ ______. Since the recognition of an antigen presupposes its binding at a HLA (identity marking) protein and since trophoblast cells do not produce classical HLA, they cannot be recognized by the T-lymphocytes as foreign tissue and so escape destruction.

A

foreign tissue

150
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • The cytotoxic T-lymphocytes control the cell population of the organism and, through cytolysis, destroy foreign cells (foreign to the body, “not self”) or those cells of the organism that present a foreign antigen (“self, but modified”).

Trophoblast cells would therefore have to be destroyed as foreign tissue. Since the recognition of an antigen presupposes its _____ at a HLA (identity marking) protein and since trophoblast cells do not produce classical HLA, they cannot be recognized by the T-lymphocytes as foreign tissue and so escape destruction.

A

binding

151
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • The cytotoxic T-lymphocytes control the cell population of the organism and, through cytolysis, destroy foreign cells (foreign to the body, “not self”) or those cells of the organism that present a foreign antigen (“self, but modified”).

Trophoblast cells would therefore have to be destroyed as foreign tissue. Since the recognition of an antigen presupposes its binding at a ___ (identity marking) protein and since trophoblast cells do not produce classical HLA, they cannot be recognized by the T-lymphocytes as foreign tissue and so escape destruction.

A

HLA

152
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • The cytotoxic T-lymphocytes control the cell population of the organism and, through cytolysis, destroy foreign cells (foreign to the body, “not self”) or those cells of the organism that present a foreign antigen (“self, but modified”).

Trophoblast cells would therefore have to be destroyed as foreign tissue. Since the recognition of an antigen presupposes its binding at a HLA (_____ ______) protein and since trophoblast cells do not produce classical HLA, they cannot be recognized by the T-lymphocytes as foreign tissue and so escape destruction.

A

identity marking

153
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • The cytotoxic T-lymphocytes control the cell population of the organism and, through cytolysis, destroy foreign cells (foreign to the body, “not self”) or those cells of the organism that present a foreign antigen (“self, but modified”).

Trophoblast cells would therefore have to be destroyed as foreign tissue. Since the recognition of an antigen presupposes its binding at a HLA (identity marking) protein and since trophoblast cells __ ___ ______classical HLA, they cannot be recognized by the T-lymphocytes as foreign tissue and so escape destruction.

A

do not produce

154
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • The cytotoxic T-lymphocytes control the cell population of the organism and, through cytolysis, destroy foreign cells (foreign to the body, “not self”) or those cells of the organism that present a foreign antigen (“self, but modified”).

Trophoblast cells would therefore have to be destroyed as foreign tissue. Since the recognition of an antigen presupposes its binding at a HLA (identity marking) protein and since trophoblast cells do not produce ______ ___, they cannot be recognized by the T-lymphocytes as foreign tissue and so escape destruction.

A

classical HLA

155
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • The cytotoxic T-lymphocytes control the cell population of the organism and, through cytolysis, destroy foreign cells (foreign to the body, “not self”) or those cells of the organism that present a foreign antigen (“self, but modified”).

Trophoblast cells would therefore have to be destroyed as foreign tissue. Since the recognition of an antigen presupposes its binding at a HLA (identity marking) protein and since trophoblast cells do not produce classical HLA, they cannot be recognized by the _________ as foreign tissue and so escape destruction.

A

T-lymphocytes

156
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • The cytotoxic T-lymphocytes control the cell population of the organism and, through cytolysis, destroy foreign cells (foreign to the body, “not self”) or those cells of the organism that present a foreign antigen (“self, but modified”).

Trophoblast cells would therefore have to be destroyed as foreign tissue. Since the recognition of an antigen presupposes its binding at a HLA (identity marking) protein and since trophoblast cells do not produce classical HLA, they cannot be recognized by the T-lymphocytes as ______ tissue and so escape destruction.

A

foreign

157
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • The cytotoxic T-lymphocytes control the cell population of the organism and, through cytolysis, destroy foreign cells (foreign to the body, “not self”) or those cells of the organism that present a foreign antigen (“self, but modified”).

Trophoblast cells would therefore have to be destroyed as foreign tissue. Since the recognition of an antigen presupposes its binding at a HLA (identity marking) protein and since trophoblast cells do not produce classical HLA, they cannot be recognized by the T-lymphocytes as foreign tissue and so _____ destruction.

A

escape

158
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • The ____ (Natural Killer, non-B-non-T-lymphocytes) attack cells that do not possess clasical HLA markers, e.g., trophoblast cells. NK cells, though, are outfitted with a system that detects the HLA-G marker on trophoblast cells, inhibiting their cytolytic activity. The fetus is thus protected from the maternal immune defense system.
A

NK cells

159
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • The NK cells (_____ ______, non-B-non-T-lymphocytes) attack cells that do not possess clasical HLA markers, e.g., trophoblast cells. NK cells, though, are outfitted with a system that detects the HLA-G marker on trophoblast cells, inhibiting their cytolytic activity. The fetus is thus protected from the maternal immune defense system.
A

Natural Killer

160
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • The NK cells (Natural Killer, __ __ ___ ___ ________) attack cells that do not possess clasical HLA markers, e.g., trophoblast cells. NK cells, though, are outfitted with a system that detects the HLA-G marker on trophoblast cells, inhibiting their cytolytic activity. The fetus is thus protected from the maternal immune defense system.
A

non-B-non-T-lymphocytes

161
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • The NK cells (Natural Killer, non-B-non-T-lymphocytes) ____ cells that do not possess clasical HLA markers, e.g., trophoblast cells. NK cells, though, are outfitted with a system that detects the HLA-G marker on trophoblast cells, inhibiting their cytolytic activity. The fetus is thus protected from the maternal immune defense system.
A

attack

162
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • The NK cells (Natural Killer, non-B-non-T-lymphocytes) attack cells that __ ___ ____ clasical HLA markers, e.g., trophoblast cells. NK cells, though, are outfitted with a system that detects the HLA-G marker on trophoblast cells, inhibiting their cytolytic activity. The fetus is thus protected from the maternal immune defense system.
A

do not possess

163
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • The NK cells (Natural Killer, non-B-non-T-lymphocytes) attack cells that do not possess _____ ______ markers, e.g., trophoblast cells. NK cells, though, are outfitted with a system that detects the HLA-G marker on trophoblast cells, inhibiting their cytolytic activity. The fetus is thus protected from the maternal immune defense system.
A

classical HLA

164
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • The NK cells (Natural Killer, non-B-non-T-lymphocytes) attack cells that do not possess clasical HLA markers, e.g., _______ cells. NK cells, though, are outfitted with a system that detects the HLA-G marker on trophoblast cells, inhibiting their cytolytic activity. The fetus is thus protected from the maternal immune defense system.
A

trophoblast

165
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • The NK cells (Natural Killer, non-B-non-T-lymphocytes) attack cells that do not possess clasical HLA markers, e.g., trophoblast cells. NK cells, though, are outfitted with a system that detects the _____ marker on trophoblast cells, inhibiting their cytolytic activity. The fetus is thus protected from the maternal immune defense system.
A

HLA-G

166
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • The NK cells (Natural Killer, non-B-non-T-lymphocytes) attack cells that do not possess clasical HLA markers, e.g., trophoblast cells. NK cells, though, are outfitted with a system that detects the HLA-G marker on trophoblast cells, ______ their cytolytic activity. The fetus is thus protected from the maternal immune defense system.
A

inhibiting

167
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • The NK cells (Natural Killer, non-B-non-T-lymphocytes) attack cells that do not possess clasical HLA markers, e.g., trophoblast cells. NK cells, though, are outfitted with a system that detects the HLA-G marker on trophoblast cells, inhibiting their _______ activity. The fetus is thus protected from the maternal immune defense system.
A

cytolytic

168
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • The NK cells (Natural Killer, non-B-non-T-lymphocytes) attack cells that do not possess clasical HLA markers, e.g., trophoblast cells. NK cells, though, are outfitted with a system that detects the HLA-G marker on trophoblast cells, inhibiting their cytolytic activity. The _____ is thus protected from the maternal immune defense system.
A

fetus

169
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • The NK cells (Natural Killer, non-B-non-T-lymphocytes) attack cells that do not possess clasical HLA markers, e.g., trophoblast cells. NK cells, though, are outfitted with a system that detects the HLA-G marker on trophoblast cells, inhibiting their cytolytic activity. The fetus is thus _______ from the maternal immune defense system.
A

protected

170
Q

Antigenic properties of the Embryo and the Placenta

  • placenta blocks cytotoxic maternal cell effects by secreting various factors:
  • The NK cells (Natural Killer, non-B-non-T-lymphocytes) attack cells that do not possess clasical HLA markers, e.g., trophoblast cells. NK cells, though, are outfitted with a system that detects the HLA-G marker on trophoblast cells, inhibiting their cytolytic activity. The fetus is thus protected from the _______ immune defense system.
A

maternal

devbiolec 3rd exam (3 decks)

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